School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Research Chair on Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Prev Med. 2023 Jan;166:107328. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107328. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
The Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) remains a global public health concern with multiple outbreaks over the last five years. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the current state of knowledge on awareness, education, and community mobilization programs on EVD prevention. A comprehensive search strategy was executed in October 2021 across eight databases (APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, Global Health, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science). According to the PRISMA flow diagram, out of the 4815 studies generated by the search, 33 were retained for extraction and were included in this scoping review. Findings revealed that cultural practices that increased the risk of Ebola transmission remain very prevalent, even educational and awareness campaigns. Levels of Ebola-related knowledge by community members varied widely. A large proportion of the Ebola-affected populations were not aware of modes of transmission and half were unaware of signs and symptoms. Interventions with deep community mobilization, collaboration and engagement were effective in changing cultural practices, and reducing rates of infection. Interventions in the health sector helped increase willingness to practice preventive methods and the maintenance of social distancing and patient handwashing. A majority of the population members received their information about EVD from the community and mass media (in most instances, through broadcasting stations). Community interventions with a collaborative approach are effective to prevent EVD. It is needed to build trust between communities and health care, but also to use local resources and cultural factors combined with the use of technologies of information to prevent EVD.
埃博拉病毒病（EVD）仍然是一个全球公共卫生关注点，在过去五年中发生了多次疫情爆发。本范围综述旨在综合当前关于埃博拉病毒病预防的意识、教育和社区动员计划的知识状况。2021 年 10 月，我们在八个数据库（APA PsycInfo、CINAHL、Cochrane CENTRAL、Embase、Global Health、MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science）中执行了一项全面的搜索策略。根据 PRISMA 流程图，从搜索中产生的 4815 项研究中，有 33 项被保留用于提取，并包含在本范围综述中。研究结果表明，即使在教育和宣传活动中，增加埃博拉病毒传播风险的文化习俗仍然非常普遍。社区成员的埃博拉相关知识水平差异很大。很大一部分埃博拉疫区的人不知道传播途径，一半人不知道症状和体征。具有深度社区动员、协作和参与的干预措施在改变文化习俗和降低感染率方面非常有效。卫生部门的干预措施有助于提高人们对预防方法的意愿，保持社交距离和患者洗手。大多数社区成员从社区和大众媒体（在大多数情况下，通过广播电台）获得关于埃博拉病毒病的信息。具有协作方法的社区干预措施对预防埃博拉病毒病有效。需要在社区和医疗保健之间建立信任，还要利用当地资源和文化因素，结合信息技术的使用，预防埃博拉病毒病。
