Karachle Paraskevi K, Oikonomou Anthi, Pantazi Maria, Stergiou Konstantinos I, Zenetos Argyro
Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 19013 Attika, Greece.
Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, U.P.B. 134, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;11(11):1625. doi: 10.3390/biology11111625.
The Mediterranean Sea (MED) is prone to species' introductions, induced by human activities and/or climate change. Recent studies focus on the biological traits that result in such introductions, yet on a single-area-type approach. Here, we used, analyzed, and compared biological traits derived from FishBase for MED, non-indigenous (NIS) and neonative (NEO) in the Mediterranean, and adjacent Atlantic (ATL) and Red Sea (RS) species. A quantitative trait-based analysis was performed using random forest to determine the importance of traits in the successful establishment in the Mediterranean. MED fishes were mainly demersal, slow growing and small-medium sized, preferring intermediate temperatures. Conversely, ATL were mainly deep-dwelling species, preferring low temperatures. RS and NIS were predominantly reef-associated, thermophilus, and stenothermic. NEO species were stenothermic with preference to intermediate-high temperatures. Omnivores with preference to animals was the most common trophic group among regions. MED species exhibited higher phylogenetic uniqueness (PD) compared to RS and NIS, indicating that they have long ancestral branches and few descendants. Preferred temperature, habitat type preference and maximum reported length (L) and infinite length (L) were the most important predictors in the establishment process. Overall, the results presented here could serve as a baseline for future research, especially by using more refined and/or additional biological trail estimates.
地中海（MED）容易受到由人类活动和/或气候变化引发的物种引入。最近的研究聚焦于导致此类引入的生物学特征，但采用的是单一区域类型的方法。在此，我们使用、分析并比较了源自鱼类数据库（FishBase）的地中海、地中海非本土（NIS）和新本土（NEO）物种以及相邻大西洋（ATL）和红海（RS）物种的生物学特征。使用随机森林进行了基于定量特征的分析，以确定特征在地中海成功定殖中的重要性。地中海鱼类主要为底栖性，生长缓慢，体型中小，偏好中等温度。相反，大西洋鱼类主要是深海栖息物种，偏好低温。红海和非本土物种主要与珊瑚礁相关，喜温且狭温。新本土物种狭温，偏好中高温。各区域中偏好动物的杂食动物是最常见的营养类群。与红海和非本土物种相比，地中海物种表现出更高的系统发育独特性（PD），表明它们具有长的祖先分支和较少的后代。偏好温度、栖息地类型偏好以及最大报道体长（L）和无限体长（L）是定殖过程中最重要的预测因子。总体而言，本文给出的结果可作为未来研究的基线，特别是通过使用更精细和/或更多的生物学特征估计。
