Kawano Takahito, Inokuchi Junichi, Eto Masatoshi, Murata Masaharu, Kang Jeong-Hun
Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Nov 3;14(21):5425. doi: 10.3390/cancers14215425.
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a large family of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases that consists of at least 11 isozymes. Based on their structural characteristics and mode of activation, the PKC family is classified into three subfamilies: conventional or classic (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ), and atypical (aPKCs; ζ, ι, and λ) (PKCλ is the mouse homolog of PKCι) PKC isozymes. PKC isozymes play important roles in proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and anticancer drug resistance in cancer cells. Several studies have shown a positive relationship between PKC isozymes and poor disease-free survival, poor survival following anticancer drug treatment, and increased recurrence. Furthermore, a higher level of PKC activation has been reported in cancer tissues compared to that in normal tissues. These data suggest that PKC isozymes represent potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge and discusses the potential of PKC isozymes as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancers.
蛋白激酶C（PKC）是一个由至少11种同工酶组成的钙和磷脂依赖性丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶大家族。根据其结构特征和激活方式，PKC家族分为三个亚家族：传统或经典（cPKCs；α、βI、βII和γ）、新型或非经典（nPKCs；δ、ε、η和θ）以及非典型（aPKCs；ζ、ι和λ）（PKCλ是PKCι的小鼠同源物）PKC同工酶。PKC同工酶在癌细胞的增殖、分化、存活、迁移、侵袭、凋亡和抗癌药物耐药性中发挥重要作用。多项研究表明，PKC同工酶与无病生存期差、抗癌药物治疗后的生存期差以及复发增加之间存在正相关关系。此外，与正常组织相比，癌症组织中PKC的激活水平更高。这些数据表明，PKC同工酶代表了癌症潜在的诊断和预后生物标志物以及治疗靶点。本综述总结了当前的知识，并讨论了PKC同工酶作为癌症诊断、预后和治疗生物标志物的潜力。
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