The Sex-Specific Splicing of Doublesex in Brine Shrimp .

The understanding of sex determination and differentiation in animals has recently made remarkable strides through the use of advanced research tools. At the gene level, the Mab-3-related transcription factor () gene family, which encodes for the typical DNA-binding doublesex/Mab-3 (DM) domain in their protein, is known for its contribution to sex determination and differentiation in insects. In this study, DNA-binding DM domain screening has identified eight transcripts from transcriptomic that encode proteins containing one conserved DNA-binding DM domain. The genome mapping confirmed that these eight transcripts are transcribed from six different loci on the genome assembly. One of those loci, the Af.dsx-4 locus, is closely related to , a gene belonging to the gene family. This locus could be transcribed into three alternative transcripts, namely Af.dsx, Af.dsx and Af.dsx. While Af.dsx and Af.dsx could putatively be translated to form an identical Af.dsx protein of 186 aa long, Af.dsx translates for an Af.dsx protein of 289 aa long but shares a DNA-binding DM domain. Interestingly, Af.dsx and Af.dsx are confirmed as sex-specific transcripts, Af.dsx is only present in females, and Af.dsx is only present in male individuals. The results suggest that the sex-specific splicing mechanism of the described in insects is also present in . Af.dxs-4 locus can be used in further studies to clarify the sex determination pathways in .