Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Luke's General Hospital, R95 FY71 Kilkenny, Ireland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 27;19(21):13946. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113946.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy is a marker for future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); therefore, a meticulous follow-up after delivery can help identify women at risk for T2DM. In a cohort of 5504 pregnant women, the postpartum follow-up of all 1043 women with GDM for hyperglycemia in a multi-ethnic, high-risk Arab population was investigated. The prevalence of GDM was 18.9%. A total of 265 (25.4%) women returned for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 4-6 weeks after delivery, with more South Asian than Arab women ( < 0.01). The other factors associated with return were (a) family history of T2DM, (b) lower basic metabolic index, (c) higher abortions and (d) lower gravida ( < 0.05), all with minimal effect. An abnormal postpartum OGTT was statistically associated with previous GDM history and hypoglycemic drug treatment, although these effects were small. Overall, the follow-up of women with GDM postpartum was dismal, ethnicity being the major factor influencing return. Urgent public measures are needed to educate women with GDM about follow-up highlighting (a) risk awareness for T2DM and (b) a healthy lifestyle after childbirth-if we are to turn the tide on the epidemic of T2DM plaguing the Arab world.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是未来 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的标志物；因此，产后的细致随访可以帮助识别有患 T2DM 风险的女性。在一个 5504 名孕妇的队列中，对一个多民族高危阿拉伯人群中 1043 名患有高血糖 GDM 的孕妇进行了产后随访。GDM 的患病率为 18.9%。共有 265 名（25.4%）妇女在产后 4-6 周进行了口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），南亚裔妇女的比例高于阿拉伯裔妇女（<0.01）。与返回相关的其他因素是（a）T2DM 的家族史，（b）较低的基础代谢指数，（c）较高的流产率和（d）较低的孕次（<0.05），所有这些因素的影响都很小。产后 OGTT 异常与既往 GDM 病史和低血糖药物治疗有统计学关联，尽管这些影响较小。总体而言，GDM 产妇的产后随访情况不佳，种族是影响回归的主要因素。需要采取紧急公共措施，对患有 GDM 的妇女进行随访教育，强调（a）对 T2DM 的风险意识和（b）产后健康的生活方式，如果我们要扭转困扰阿拉伯世界的 T2DM 流行的趋势。
