Information System Department, FCIT King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia.
The Applied College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 1;22(21):8397. doi: 10.3390/s22218397.
The Energy Internet (EI) and Smart Grid 2.0 (SG 2.0) concepts are potential challenges in industry and research. The purpose of SG 2.0 and EI is to automate innovative power grid operations. To move from Distribution Network Operators (DSO) to consumer-centric distributed power grid management, the blockchain and smart contracts are applicable. Blockchain technology and integrated SGs will present challenges, limiting the deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). This review looks at the decentralization of the Smart Grid 2.0 using blockchain technology. Energy trading has increased due to access to distributed energy sources and electricity producers who can financially export surplus fuels. The energy trading system successfully combines energy from multiple sources to ensure consistent and optimal use of available resources and better facilities for energy users. Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is a common field of study that presents some administrative and technical difficulties. This article provides a general overview of P2P energy exchange. It discusses how blockchain can improve transparency and overall performance, including the degree of decentralization, scalability, and device reliability. The research is extended to examine unresolved issues and potential directions for P2P blockchain-based energy sharing in the future. In fact, this paper also demonstrates the importance of blockchain in future smart grid activities and its blockchain-based applications. The study also briefly examines the issues associated with blockchain integration, ensuring the decentralized, secure and scalable operation of autonomous electric grids in the future.
能源互联网 (EI) 和智能电网 2.0 (SG 2.0) 概念是工业和研究中的潜在挑战。SG 2.0 和 EI 的目的是实现创新电网运营的自动化。为了从配电系统运营商 (DSO) 向以消费者为中心的分布式电网管理转变，可以应用区块链和智能合约。区块链技术和集成的 SG 将带来挑战，限制分布式能源资源 (DER) 的部署。本综述着眼于使用区块链技术实现智能电网 2.0 的去中心化。由于能够访问分布式能源和可以经济地出口剩余燃料的电力生产商，能源交易有所增加。能源交易系统成功地结合了来自多个来源的能源，以确保对可用资源的一致和最佳利用，并为能源用户提供更好的设施。点对点 (P2P) 能源交易是一个常见的研究领域，它存在一些管理和技术上的困难。本文提供了对 P2P 能源交换的概述。它讨论了区块链如何提高透明度和整体性能，包括去中心化程度、可扩展性和设备可靠性。研究范围扩大到检查未来 P2P 基于区块链的能源共享中未解决的问题和潜在方向。实际上，本文还展示了区块链在未来智能电网活动及其基于区块链的应用中的重要性。该研究还简要探讨了与区块链集成相关的问题，以确保未来自主电网的去中心化、安全和可扩展运行。
