Department of Anthropology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Commun Biol. 2022 Nov 19;5(1):1273. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w.
Converging lines of inquiry from across the social and biological sciences target the adult sex ratio (ASR; the proportion of males in the adult population) as a fundamental population-level determinant of behavior. The ASR, which indicates the relative number of potential mates to competitors in a population, frames the selective arena for competition, mate choice, and social interactions. Here we review a growing literature, focusing on methodological developments that sharpen knowledge of the demographic variables underlying ASR variation, experiments that enhance understanding of the consequences of ASR imbalance across societies, and phylogenetic analyses that provide novel insights into social evolution. We additionally highlight areas where research advances are expected to make accelerating contributions across the social sciences, evolutionary biology, and biodiversity conservation.
来自社会科学和生物科学各个领域的研究线索都将成年性别比例 (ASR；成年人口中男性的比例) 作为行为的一个基本的种群水平决定因素。ASR 表明了一个种群中潜在配偶与竞争者的相对数量，为竞争、配偶选择和社会互动提供了选择的舞台。在这里，我们回顾了越来越多的文献，重点介绍了有助于深入了解 ASR 变化背后的人口变量的方法学进展、增强了对社会中 ASR 失衡后果的理解的实验，以及为社会进化提供新见解的系统发育分析。我们还强调了预计将在社会科学、进化生物学和生物多样性保护方面做出加速贡献的研究领域。
