Kovács Dániel, Kovács Márton, Ahmed Saqib, Barna János
Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
ELKH-ELTE Genetics Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
Biol Futur. 2022 Dec;73(4):427-439. doi: 10.1007/s42977-022-00138-z. Epub 2022 Nov 19.
Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are widely known as master regulators of the heat shock response. In invertebrates, a single heat shock factor, HSF1, is responsible for the maintenance of protein homeostasis. In vertebrates, seven members of the HSF family have been identified, namely HSF1, HSF2, HSF3, HSF4, HSF5, HSFX, and HSFY, of which HSF1 and HSF2 are clearly associated with heat shock response, while HSF4 is involved in development. Other members of the family have not yet been studied as extensively. Besides their role in cellular proteostasis, HSFs influence a plethora of biological processes such as aging, development, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation, and they are implicated in several pathologies such as neurodegeneration and cancer. This is achieved by regulating the expression of a great variety of genes including chaperones. Here, we review our current knowledge on the function of HSF family members and important aspects that made possible the functional diversification of HSFs.
热休克转录因子（HSFs）作为热休克反应的主要调节因子广为人知。在无脊椎动物中，单一的热休克因子HSF1负责维持蛋白质稳态。在脊椎动物中，已鉴定出HSF家族的七个成员，即HSF1、HSF2、HSF3、HSF4、HSF5、HSFX和HSFY，其中HSF1和HSF2与热休克反应明显相关，而HSF4参与发育过程。该家族的其他成员尚未得到广泛研究。除了在细胞蛋白质稳态中的作用外，HSFs还影响大量生物过程，如衰老、发育、细胞增殖和细胞分化，并且它们与多种病理状况有关，如神经退行性变和癌症。这是通过调节包括伴侣蛋白在内的多种基因的表达来实现的。在这里，我们综述了我们目前对HSF家族成员功能的认识以及使HSFs功能多样化成为可能的重要方面。
