School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
College of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Nov 4;10:1041580. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1041580. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND: The outbreak of the new coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on people's mental and physical health. Meanwhile, people's perceptions of risk may influence their emotional states and preventative behavior during an epidemic. Previous research have revealed the diversity and uniqueness of risk perception, and college students may have a different perspective on risk perception. The objective of this study was to describe the subtypes of risk perception for COVID-19 among college students in China, identify the subtypes' traits, and investigate their affecting variables. METHODS: College students from 10 Chinese provinces participated in a cross-sectional study ( = 2,000) that from January 16 to 30, 2022. The latent profiles and influencing factors for risk perception were investigated using latent profile analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and multinomial logistical regression. RESULTS: The sample group of this survey was 1,946 students, and the response rate was 97.3%. The best model was suggested to consist of three profiles: "neutral risk perception" (20.3%), "perception seriously without susceptible" (52.8%), and "low risk perception" (26.9%). Risk perception of COVID-19 was positively associated with attention to negation information ( = 0.372, < 0.01), anxiety ( = 0.232, < 0.01), and depression ( = 0.241, < 0.01), and negatively associated with perceived social support ( = -0.151, < 0.01). Logistic-regressions analyses mainly revealed that the risk perception of three profiles related to having chronic diseases ( = 2.704, < 0.01), medical major ( = 0.595, < 0.01; = 0.614, < 0.05), without having COVID-19 confirmed cases around ( = 0.539, < 0.01), attention to negative information ( = 1.073, < 0.001; = 1.092, < 0.001), and perceived social support ( = 0.0.975, < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The level of risk perception for COVID-19 among Chinese college students was unsatisfactory, and the risk perception of COVID-19 had significant group characteristics and heterogeneity. Colleges and public health practitioners could have a theoretical and empirical basis to implement risk perception intervention efforts by identifying latent subgroups during the COVID-19 epidemic.
背景：新型冠状病毒-2019（COVID-19）的爆发对人们的身心健康产生了重大影响。与此同时，人们对风险的认知可能会影响他们在疫情期间的情绪状态和预防行为。先前的研究揭示了风险认知的多样性和独特性，大学生对风险认知可能有不同的看法。本研究的目的是描述中国大学生对 COVID-19 的风险认知亚类，确定亚类特征，并探讨其影响变量。
方法：2022 年 1 月 16 日至 30 日，来自中国 10 个省份的大学生参加了一项横断面研究（n=2000）。采用潜在剖面分析、单因素方差分析和多项逻辑回归分析对风险认知的潜在类别和影响因素进行了研究。
结果：本调查的样本组为 1946 名学生，应答率为 97.3%。建议最佳模型由三个亚类组成：“中性风险认知”（20.3%）、“感知严重但不易感”（52.8%）和“低风险认知”（26.9%）。COVID-19 的风险认知与对否定信息的关注（β=0.372，<0.01）、焦虑（β=0.232，<0.01）和抑郁（β=0.241，<0.01）呈正相关，与感知社会支持呈负相关（β=-0.151，<0.01）。Logistic 回归分析主要表明，三个亚类的风险认知与患有慢性病（β=2.704，<0.01）、医学专业（β=0.595，<0.01；β=0.614，<0.05）、周围没有确诊 COVID-19 病例（β=0.539，<0.01）、对负面信息的关注（β=1.073，<0.001；β=1.092，<0.001）和感知社会支持（β=0.0.975，<0.01）有关。
结论：中国大学生对 COVID-19 的风险认知水平不理想，COVID-19 的风险认知具有显著的群体特征和异质性。在 COVID-19 疫情期间，通过识别潜在亚组，高校和公共卫生从业者可以为实施风险认知干预措施提供理论和实践依据。
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