Maphosa Thulani, Woelk Godfrey, Baack Brittney N, Kim Evelyn, Machekano Rhoderick, Mwale Annie Chauma, Kalua Thokozani, Zimba Suzgo, Kanyenda Chamanga Rachel, Maida Alice, Auld Andrew, Azman Andrew S, Oziemkowska Maria, Sunguti Joram, Golowa Cathy, Kapanda Lester, Nkhoma Harrid, Sampathkumar Veena, Ahimbisibwe Allan, Kalitera Louiser, Masina Elton, Lumala Rumours, Kudiabor Kwashie, Joaki Zuze, Muchuchuti Cephas, Mengezi Tadala H, Nyirenda Rose, Guay Laura
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Malawi.
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Washington DC, USA.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2022 Nov 12;4:100339. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100339. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Malawi experienced two waves of COVID-19 between April 2020 and February 2021. A High negative impact of COVID-19 was experienced in the second wave, with increased hospital admissions that overwhelmed the healthcare system. This paper describes a protocol to implement a telephone-based syndromic surveillance system to assist public health leaders in the guidance, implementation, and evaluation of programs and policies for COVID-19 prevention and control in Malawi.
This is a serial cross-sectional telephonic-based national survey focusing on the general population and People living with HIV and AIDS.
We will conduct a serial cross-sectional telephone survey to assess self-reported recent and current experience of influenza-like illness (ILI)/COVID-19-like-illness (CLI), household deaths, access to routine health services, and knowledge related to COVID-19. Structured questionnaires will be administered to two populations: 1) the general population and 2) people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at EGPAF-supported health facilities. Electronic data collection forms using secure tablets will be used based on randomly selected mobile numbers from electronic medical records (EMR) for PLHIV. We will use random digit dialing (RDD) for the general population to generate phone numbers to dial respondents. The technique uses computer-generated random numbers, using the 10-digit basic structure of mobile phone numbers for the two existing mobile phone companies in Malawi. Interviews will be conducted only with respondents that will verbally consent. A near real-time online dashboard will be developed to help visualize the data and share results with key policymakers.
The designed syndromic surveillance system is low-cost and feasible to implement under COVID-19 restrictions, with no physical contact with respondents and limited movement of the study teams and communities. The system will allow estimation proportions of those reporting ILI/CLI among the general population and PLHIV on ART and monitor trends over time to detect locations with possible COVID-19 transmission. Reported household deaths in Malawi, access to health services, and COVID-19 knowledge will be monitored to assess the burden and impact on communities in Malawi.
2020年4月至2021年2月期间，马拉维经历了两波新冠疫情。第二波疫情产生了严重负面影响，住院人数增加，使医疗系统不堪重负。本文描述了一个实施基于电话的症状监测系统的方案，以协助公共卫生领导人指导、实施和评估马拉维新冠疫情防控的项目和政策。
这是一项基于电话的系列横断面全国性调查，重点关注普通人群以及艾滋病毒和艾滋病感染者。
我们将开展系列横断面电话调查，以评估自我报告的近期和当前流感样疾病（ILI）/新冠样疾病（CLI）经历、家庭死亡情况、获得常规医疗服务的机会以及与新冠相关的知识。将向两类人群发放结构化问卷：1）普通人群；2）在伊丽莎白·格拉泽儿童艾滋病基金会（EGPAF）支持的医疗机构接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）。对于PLHIV，将根据从电子病历（EMR）中随机选择的手机号码，使用安全平板电脑填写电子数据收集表格。对于普通人群，我们将使用随机数字拨号（RDD）生成电话号码以拨打受访者电话。该技术使用计算机生成随机数，采用马拉维两家现有移动电话公司手机号码的10位基本结构。仅对口头同意的受访者进行访谈。将开发一个近实时在线仪表盘，以帮助直观呈现数据并与关键政策制定者分享结果。
所设计的症状监测系统成本低，在新冠疫情限制措施下可行，无需与受访者进行身体接触，研究团队和社区的活动受限。该系统将能够估计普通人群和接受ART的PLHIV中报告ILI/CLI的比例，并监测随时间变化的趋势，以发现可能存在新冠病毒传播的地点。将监测马拉维报告的家庭死亡情况、获得医疗服务的机会以及新冠知识，以评估对马拉维社区的负担和影响。
