Armeev Grigoriy A, Gribkova Anna K, Shaytan Alexey K
Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Computer Science, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
Front Mol Biosci. 2022 Nov 24;9:1070489. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1070489. eCollection 2022.
Twenty-five years have passed since the appearance of the first atomistic model of the nucleosome structure, and since then the number of new structures has gradually increased. With the advent of cryo-microscopy, the rate of accumulation of models has increased significantly. New structures are emerging with different histone variants and a variety of proteins that bind to nucleosomes. At the moment, there are more than four hundred structures containing nucleosomes in the Protein Data Bank. Many of these structures represent similar complexes, others differ in composition, conformation and quality. In this perspective, we investigate the diversity of known nucleosome structures, analyze data and model quality, variations in histone/DNA content of nucleosomes and spectrum of their interactors. We outline those parts of the nucleosome "structurome" that are already explored and those awaiting further exploration.
自核小体结构的首个原子模型出现至今已有25年,从那时起新结构的数量逐渐增加。随着冷冻电镜技术的出现,模型积累的速度显著加快。不同的组蛋白变体以及多种与核小体结合的蛋白质所形成的新结构不断涌现。目前,蛋白质数据库中含有核小体的结构已超过四百种。其中许多结构代表相似的复合物,其他结构在组成、构象和质量上存在差异。从这个角度出发,我们研究已知核小体结构的多样性,分析数据和模型质量、核小体中组蛋白/DNA含量的变化及其相互作用分子的谱。我们概述了核小体“结构组”中已被探索的部分以及有待进一步探索的部分。