Engineering thixotropic supramolecular gelatin-based hydrogel as an injectable scaffold for cell transplantation.

Despite many efforts focusing on regenerative medicine, there are few clinically-available cell-delivery carriers to improve the efficacy of cell transplantation due to the lack of adequate scaffolds. Herein, we report an injectable scaffold composed of functionalized gelatin for application in cell transplantation. Injectable functionalized gelatin-based hydrogels crosslinked with reversible hydrogen bonding based on supramolecular chemistry were designed. The hydrogel exhibited thixotropy, enabling single syringe injection of cell-encapsulating hydrogels. Highly biocompatible and cell-adhesive hydrogels provide cellular scaffolds that promote cellular adhesion, spreading, and migration. Thedegradation study revealed that the hydrogel gradually degraded for seven days, which may lead to prolonged retention of transplanted cells and efficient integration into host tissues. In volumetric muscle loss models of mice, cells were transplanted using hydrogels and proliferated in injured muscle tissues. Thixotropic and injectable hydrogels may serve as cell delivery scaffolds to improve graft survival in regenerative medicine.