Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia.
Single Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 15;23(24):15979. doi: 10.3390/ijms232415979.
The spread of tumor cells throughout the body by traveling through the bloodstream is a critical step in metastasis, which continues to be the main cause of cancer-related death. The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is important for understanding the biology of metastasis and the development of antimetastatic therapy. However, the isolation of CTCs is challenging due to their high heterogeneity and low representation in the bloodstream. Different isolation methods have been suggested, but most of them lead to CTC damage. However, viable CTCs are an effective source for developing preclinical models to perform drug screening and model the metastatic cascade. In this review, we summarize the available literature on methods for isolating viable CTCs based on different properties of cells. Particular attention is paid to the importance of in vitro and in vivo models obtained from CTCs. Finally, we emphasize the current limitations in CTC isolation and suggest potential solutions to overcome them.
肿瘤细胞通过血液传播在全身扩散是转移的关键步骤，转移仍然是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。循环肿瘤细胞 (CTC) 的检测和分析对于了解转移的生物学特性和开发抗转移治疗具有重要意义。然而，由于其高度异质性和在血液中的低代表性，CTC 的分离具有挑战性。已经提出了不同的分离方法，但大多数方法会导致 CTC 损伤。然而，活的 CTC 是开发临床前模型的有效来源，可以进行药物筛选和模拟转移级联。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于细胞不同特性分离活 CTC 的现有文献。特别关注从 CTC 获得的体外和体内模型的重要性。最后，我们强调了 CTC 分离的当前限制，并提出了潜在的解决方案来克服这些限制。
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