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印度一家三级医疗中心治疗的肾母细胞瘤患儿的概况及临床结局

Profile and Clinical Outcome of Children with Wilms' Tumor treated at a Tertiary Care Centre, India.

作者信息

Singh Pritanjali, Singh Dharmendra, Kumar Bindey, Kumar Prem, Bhadani Punam Prasad

机构信息

Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.

出版信息

South Asian J Cancer. 2022 Mar 22;11(3):260-268. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1743414. eCollection 2022 Jul.

Abstract

Pritanjali Singh  Wilms' tumor (WT) is the most common kidney tumor of the pediatric age group. The outcome of WT has improved due to the evolution of the treatment approach. A prospective observational study was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, to analyze the clinical profile along with the response and outcome to neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) protocol.  In total, 28 patients of WT visited the radiotherapy department from January 2015 to December 2019.  Gender distribution showed male preponderance with a median age at diagnosis was 31 months. The abdominal lump was the dominant clinical presentation. The median volume of tumor at diagnosis was 359.48 mL (52.67-1805.76). Radiological staging workup shows that stage I, II, III, IV, and V were 7.1%, 39.3%, 39.3%, 10.7%, and 3.6% respectively. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was received by all patients. Also, 71.4% of patients showed > 50% of tumor volume reduction, while 28.6% of patients showed < 50% of tumor mass reduction. There was a statistically significant decrease in the tumor volume reduction following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (  < 0.001). There was a statistically significant stage down (  = 0.018) of the disease. Bivariate correlation studies showed recurrence was correlating statistically significantly with age < 24 months (  = 0.049), locoregional lymph nodes (  = 0.008), histopathological subtypes (  < 0.001), stage of the disease (  = 0.003), and risk groups (  < 0.001). In addition, 25% of patients developed recurrence during the median follow-up of 25 months. The median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were not reached. The mean DFS and OS were 48 and 59.13 months, respectively. One- and 3-year DFS were 100% and 64.1%, respectively. One- and 3-year OS were 100% and 75% respectively.  Our study suggests that most of the patients presented at an advanced stage, thus rendering most of the cases difficult to undergo surgery at presentation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery may be considered a well-balanced approach with a comparable response and survival outcomes.

摘要

普里坦贾利·辛格  肾母细胞瘤(WT)是儿童年龄组中最常见的肾脏肿瘤。由于治疗方法的发展,WT的治疗结果有所改善。在巴特那全印度医学科学研究所(AIIMS)进行了一项前瞻性观察研究,以根据国际小儿肿瘤学会(SIOP)方案分析临床特征以及新辅助化疗的反应和结果。

2015年1月至2019年12月,共有28例WT患者前往放疗科就诊。

性别分布显示男性占优势,诊断时的中位年龄为31个月。腹部肿块是主要的临床表现。诊断时肿瘤的中位体积为359.48 mL(52.67 - 1805.76)。放射学分期检查显示,I期、II期、III期、IV期和V期分别为7.1%、39.3%、39.3%、10.7%和3.6%。所有患者均接受了新辅助化疗(NACT)。此外,71.4%的患者肿瘤体积缩小>50%,而28.6%的患者肿瘤质量缩小<50%。新辅助化疗后肿瘤体积缩小有统计学显著下降(<0.001)。疾病有统计学显著的降期(=0.018)。双变量相关性研究表明,复发与年龄<24个月(=0.049)、局部区域淋巴结(=0.008)、组织病理学亚型(<0.001)、疾病分期(=0.003)和风险组(<0.001)在统计学上显著相关。此外,25%的患者在中位随访25个月期间出现复发。中位无病生存期(DFS)和总生存期(OS)未达到。平均DFS和OS分别为48个月和59.13个月。1年和3年DFS分别为100%和64.1%。1年和3年OS分别为100%和75%。

我们的研究表明,大多数患者就诊时处于晚期,因此大多数病例在就诊时难以进行手术。新辅助化疗后再进行手术可能被认为是一种平衡良好的方法,具有可比的反应和生存结果。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d24c/9803542/57969da648e1/10-1055-s-0042-1743414-i2150471-5.jpg

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