Development of Solubilization and Refolding Buffers.

Overexpression of heterologous protein in prokaryotic host cells, such as Escherichia coli, usually leads to formation of inactive and insoluble aggregates known as inclusion bodies (IBs). Recovery of refolded and functionally bioactive proteins from IBs is a challenging task, and a unique condition (e.g., solubilizing and refolding buffers) for each individual protein should be experimentally obtained. Here, we present a simple protocol for development of solubilizing and refolding buffers for successful recovery of pure bioactive proteins from IBs.