Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Exotic Animals, Veterinary Clinic "Zwierzyniec", Bulwar Ikara 31B, 54-130, Wroclaw, Poland.
Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Ul. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
BMC Vet Res. 2023 Jan 19;19(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12917-023-03567-7.
Macrodontia is the enlargement of tooth dimensions of different ethologies. This work aims to show a histological evaluation of macrodontic teeth in guinea pigs. The material was obtained from animals postmortem. Ninety structural changes derived from 24 guinea pigs were evaluated. All teeth used in the study showed macrodontic changes. The samples were decalcified, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Material was cut in the transverse and longitudinal planes in relation to the alveolar bone. Histological evaluation included apical bud cells, pulp cavity cells, periodontium, dentin, enamel, cementum and alveolar bone tissue. Individual elements were evaluated with respect to their morphology and distribution. Moreover, the arrangement of the individual hard tooth structures was assessed on the teeth. No atypia was found among the cells that make up the apical bud, pulp or periodontal cavity. Displacement of periodontal cells or odontoblasts towards the pulp cavity as well as disorganization of the cell system in the pulp cavity were observed. Changes in the dentine ligaments and the reconstruction of the alveolar bone were also observed in areas where dentine and cement systems were affected. Dental slides were observed and showed that the enamel is also involved in structural remodelling of the pulp cavity. The histological assessment revealed that structural changes in macrodontic teeth involve the rearrangement of typical tooth tissues.
巨齿症是指牙齿尺寸的不同种族发生增大。本工作旨在展示对豚鼠巨齿的组织学评价。材料取自死后动物。评估了 24 只豚鼠的 90 个结构变化。研究中使用的所有牙齿都显示出巨齿改变。样本经过脱钙、脱水和石蜡包埋。材料沿牙槽骨的横切面和纵切面进行切割。组织学评估包括根尖芽细胞、牙髓腔细胞、牙周组织、牙本质、釉质、牙骨质和牙槽骨组织。个体元素的形态和分布进行了评估。此外，还评估了牙齿上单个硬组织结构的排列。构成根尖、牙髓或牙周腔的细胞没有异型性。观察到牙周细胞或成牙本质细胞向牙髓腔的移位以及牙髓腔细胞系统的紊乱。在受牙本质和牙骨质系统影响的区域也观察到牙本质韧带的变化和牙槽骨的重建。观察牙切片显示釉质也参与牙髓腔的结构重塑。组织学评估显示，巨齿牙的结构变化涉及典型牙齿组织的重新排列。
