Glavaš Ljubimir Katarina, Domijan Ana-Marija, Radić Brkanac Sandra
Croatian Waters, Main Water Management Laboratory, 21 000 Split, Croatia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 11;12(2):343. doi: 10.3390/plants12020343.
Considering the widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their consequent build-up in waterways, there is a concern about the hazardous effect of AgNPs for aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the action of AgNPs on duckweed ( L.) by evaluating multiple parameters in different physiological processes. Duckweed was treated with AgNPs in a concentration range of 0.5 to 5 mg/L over a 7-day period. The analysis revealed that the AgNP-treated duckweed accumulated Ag in accordance with increasing AgNP concentrations. Furthermore, higher concentrations (2 and 5 mg/L) of AgNPs negatively affected N, P and especially K and Mg levels in the plant tissue. Accordingly, the plant growth and photosynthetic parameters were more inhibited in response to higher concentrations of AgNPs. Nanosilver significantly increased the generation of ROS at higher concentrations, although lipid peroxidation was significant even at the lowest concentration of AgNPs. However, defense mechanisms were able to counteract AgNP-induced oxidative stress and balance the intracellular redox status, as evidenced by increased activities of the main detoxification enzymes. With this experimental setting, AgNPs exhibited a relatively weak phytotoxicity at 0.5 and 1 mg/L; nevertheless, silver in a nano form poses a hazard for plants, considering its continuous release into aquatic environments.
鉴于银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）的广泛使用及其随后在水道中的积累，人们担心AgNPs对水生生态系统的有害影响。本研究的目的是通过评估不同生理过程中的多个参数来阐明AgNPs对浮萍（L.）的作用机制。浮萍在0.5至5 mg/L的浓度范围内用AgNPs处理7天。分析表明，经AgNP处理的浮萍中Ag的积累量随着AgNP浓度的增加而增加。此外，较高浓度（2和5 mg/L）的AgNPs对植物组织中的氮、磷，尤其是钾和镁水平产生负面影响。因此，较高浓度的AgNPs对植物生长和光合参数的抑制作用更强。纳米银在较高浓度下显著增加了活性氧的产生，尽管即使在最低浓度的AgNPs下脂质过氧化也很显著。然而，防御机制能够抵消AgNP诱导的氧化应激并平衡细胞内的氧化还原状态，主要解毒酶活性的增加证明了这一点。在这种实验条件下，AgNPs在0.5和1 mg/L时表现出相对较弱的植物毒性；然而，考虑到纳米形式的银持续释放到水生环境中，它对植物构成了危害。
