Sharma Ashish Ranjan, Lee Yeon-Hee, Lee Sang-Soo
Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, South Korea.
Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov. 2022 Dec 27;4:100150. doi: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100150. eCollection 2023.
Advances in understanding miRNAs as endogenous posttranscriptional regulatory units have projected them as novel therapeutics for several untreatable diseases. miRNAs are endogenous non-coding small single-stranded RNA molecules (20-24 nucleotides) with specific gene regulatory functions like repression of mRNA translation by degrading mRNAs. Emerging evidence suggests the role of miRNAs in various stages of bone growth and development. Undoubtedly, due to their critical role in bone remodeling, miRNAs might be projected as a novel approach to treating bone-related diseases. However, the instability associated with miRNAs in their complex environment, such as degradation by nucleases, is a concern. Thus, recent attention is being paid to maintaining the miRNAs' safety and efficacy in the cells. Various efficient delivery systems and chemical modifications of miRNAs are being developed to make them a potential therapeutic option for bone diseases. Here, we have tried to recapitulate the recent advances in the role of miRNAs in bone disease, along with the potential delivery systems for their efficient delivery to the cells.
对微小RNA（miRNA）作为内源性转录后调控单元的理解取得了进展，这使它们成为治疗几种无法治愈疾病的新型疗法。miRNA是内源性非编码小单链RNA分子（20 - 24个核苷酸），具有特定的基因调控功能，如通过降解mRNA来抑制mRNA翻译。新出现的证据表明miRNA在骨骼生长和发育的各个阶段都发挥作用。毫无疑问，由于它们在骨重塑中的关键作用，miRNA可能成为治疗骨相关疾病的一种新方法。然而，miRNA在其复杂环境中存在的不稳定性，如被核酸酶降解，是一个令人担忧的问题。因此，最近人们开始关注在细胞中维持miRNA的安全性和有效性。正在开发各种有效的递送系统以及对miRNA进行化学修饰，以使它们成为治疗骨疾病的潜在选择。在此，我们试图概述miRNA在骨疾病中作用的最新进展，以及将它们有效递送至细胞的潜在递送系统。
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