School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Hospital of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Jan 25;23(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-02748-y.
The national oral epidemiological survey conducted every decade has become an indispensable means of detecting changes in oral disease patterns. This study was undertaken to investigate the oral health status and related factors in 12-15-year-old students in Gansu, China.
According to the methodology adopted by the Fourth National Oral Health Survey, a multi-stage, stratified, random sampling method was used to select 3871 adolescents aged 12-15 years from four regions of Gansu Province for oral examination and questionnaire survey. Caries experience was measured using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index; and periodontal health examination included gingival bleeding, calculus, periodontal pockets and attachment loss. The questionnaire included questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics, and oral health knowledge and behaviors. SPSS20.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the survey data.
The mean DMFT index was 0.83 ± 1.42. The prevalence of caries experience was 38.6%, filling rate was 1.6%, and pit and fissure sealing rate was 0.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that female sex, rural district, older age, non-only child, frequency of dental visits, and toothache experience were the risk factors for caries experience, with OR ranging between 1.280 and 3.831 (p < 0.05). Prevalence of healthy periodontium was 29.8%. Female sex, rural district, and younger age were found to be the protective factors for healthy periodontium, with OR ranging between 1.178 and 1.414 (p < 0.05).
Adolescents in Gansu Province had high prevalence of caries experience along with low filling rate, and low prevalence of healthy periodontium. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously strengthen oral health education, disease prevention and control programs in the province. This would help improve the oral health-related quality of life of these individuals.
全国口腔流行病学调查每十年进行一次，已成为发现口腔疾病模式变化的不可或缺的手段。本研究旨在调查中国甘肃地区 12-15 岁青少年的口腔健康状况及其相关因素。
本研究采用第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方法，采用多阶段、分层、随机抽样方法，从甘肃省四个地区抽取 3871 名 12-15 岁青少年进行口腔检查和问卷调查。采用龋失补（DMFT）指数衡量患龋情况；牙周健康检查包括牙龈出血、牙石、牙周袋和附着丧失。问卷内容包括社会人口学特征、口腔健康知识和行为等。采用 SPSS20.0 软件对调查数据进行统计分析。
DMFT 指数平均值为 0.83±1.42。患龋率为 38.6%，充填率为 1.6%，窝沟封闭率为 0.5%。Logistic 回归分析显示，女性、农村、年龄较大、非独生子女、就诊次数和有牙痛经历是患龋的危险因素，OR 值在 1.280 至 3.831 之间（p<0.05）。牙周健康率为 29.8%。女性、农村和年龄较小是牙周健康的保护因素，OR 值在 1.178 至 1.414 之间（p<0.05）。
甘肃省青少年患龋率高，充填率低，牙周健康率低。因此，有必要在全省大力加强口腔健康教育和疾病防控工作，以提高该人群的口腔健康相关生活质量。
