Wang Shaokun, Jiang Xingchi, Li Junyao, Zhao Xueyong, Han Erniu, Qu Hao, Ma Xujun, Lian Jie
Urat Desert-Grassland Research Station, Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 10;13:1074841. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1074841. eCollection 2022.
Soil microbial diversity, composition, and function are sensitive to global change factors. It has been predicted that the temperature and precipitation will increase in northern China. Although many studies have been carried out to reveal how global change factors affect soil microbial biomass and composition in terrestrial ecosystems, it is still unexplored how soil microbial diversity and composition, especially in microbial functional genes, respond to increasing precipitation and warming in a semiarid grassland of northern China. A field experiment was established to simulate warming and increasing precipitation in a temperate semiarid grassland of the Horqin region. Soil bacterial (16S) and fungal (ITS1) diversity, composition, and functional genes were analyzed after two growing seasons. The result showed that warming exerted negative effects on soil microbial diversity, composition, and predicted functional genes associated with carbon and nitrogen cycles. Increasing precipitation did not change soil microbial diversity, but it weakened the negative effects of simulated warming on soil microbial diversity. Bacterial and fungal diversities respond consistently to the global change scenario in semiarid sandy grassland, but the reasons were different for bacteria and fungi. The co-occurrence of warming and increasing precipitation will alleviate the negative effects of global change on biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation under a predicted climate change scenario in a semiarid grassland. Our results provide evidence that soil microbial diversity, composition, and function changed under climate change conditions, and it will improve the predictive models of the ecological changes of temperate grassland in future climate change scenarios.
土壤微生物多样性、组成和功能对全球变化因素敏感。据预测，中国北方的气温和降水量将会增加。尽管已经开展了许多研究来揭示全球变化因素如何影响陆地生态系统中的土壤微生物生物量和组成，但在中国北方半干旱草原地区，土壤微生物多样性和组成，尤其是微生物功能基因如何响应降水增加和气候变暖仍未得到探索。在科尔沁地区的温带半干旱草原开展了一项田间试验，以模拟气候变暖和降水增加的情况。在两个生长季节后，分析了土壤细菌（16S）和真菌（ITS1）的多样性、组成及功能基因。结果表明，气候变暖对土壤微生物多样性、组成以及与碳氮循环相关的预测功能基因产生了负面影响。降水增加并未改变土壤微生物多样性，但减弱了模拟气候变暖对土壤微生物多样性的负面影响。在半干旱沙地草原中，细菌和真菌多样性对全球变化情景的响应一致，但细菌和真菌的原因有所不同。在半干旱草原预测的气候变化情景下，气候变暖和降水增加同时出现将减轻全球变化对生物多样性丧失和生态系统退化的负面影响。我们的结果证明，在气候变化条件下土壤微生物多样性、组成和功能发生了变化，这将改进未来气候变化情景下温带草原生态变化的预测模型。
