Faculté des Sciences juridiques, économiques et sociales, Laboratoire Droit privé et enjeux de développement, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Morocco.
Laboratoire Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Hassan First University of Settat, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Settat, Morocco.
PLoS One. 2023 Jan 27;18(1):e0281129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281129. eCollection 2023.
Morocco, traditionally an emigration country, has evolved into not only a transit country to Europe but also a country of residence for an increasing number of migrants, with 102,400 migrants in 2019. This is due to its geographic location, the induced effects of its "African policy," and the various laws adopted by Moroccan legislators in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of communicable and noncommunicable diseases among migrants such as Hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), diabetes, and hypertension.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in Oujda, Morocco, between November and December 2021. Face-to-face interviews with enrolled migrants aged 18 years and over, present in Oujda and attending an association, were carried out to collect socio-demographic data, lifestyle behaviors, and clinical parameters. Diabetes and hypertension were the primary outcomes. The Pearson's chi-squared test and the student's t-test were used to assess the bivariate associations between primary outcomes and categorical and continuous variables. In a multivariate model, we adjusted for predictors that were significant (p-value ≤0.05) in bivariate analysis to estimate Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
There were 495 migrants enrolled, with a male/female ratio of two and an average age of 27.3±11.5 years (mean±standard deviation), ranging from 18 to 76 years. Hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes, and hypertension were found in 1%, 0.2%, 3.8%, and 27.7% of the population, respectively. Family history of diabetes was a risk factor for diabetes in the Oujda migrant population, with an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) of 5.36; CI% [1.23-23.28]. Age (AOR of 1.1; CI% [1.06-1.13]) and African origin (AOR of 3.07; CI% [1.06-8.92]) were identified as risk factors for hypertension.
Migrants in Oujda are healthy. The high prevalence of hypertension, as well as the presence of HCV and HIV positive cases, emphasizes the importance of routine screening for hypertension, HCV, and HIV in order to detect and treat these diseases as early as possible.
摩洛哥传统上是一个移民国家，已演变为不仅是通往欧洲的过境国，也是越来越多移民的居住国，2019 年有 102400 名移民。这归因于其地理位置、“非洲政策”的诱导效应以及摩洛哥立法者近年来通过的各种法律。本研究的目的是确定丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)、糖尿病和高血压等移民中的传染病和非传染病的患病率。
我们于 2021 年 11 月至 12 月在摩洛哥欧兹德进行了一项横断面研究。对在欧兹德参加协会的 18 岁及以上的登记移民进行面对面访谈，以收集社会人口统计学数据、生活方式行为和临床参数。糖尿病和高血压是主要结果。使用 Pearson's 卡方检验和学生 t 检验评估主要结果与分类和连续变量之间的双变量关联。在多变量模型中，我们调整了在双变量分析中具有统计学意义 (p 值≤0.05) 的预测因子，以估计调整后比值比 (AOR) 和 95%置信区间 (CI)。
共有 495 名移民登记，男女比例为 2:1，平均年龄为 27.3±11.5 岁(平均值±标准差)，年龄范围为 18 岁至 76 岁。丙型肝炎病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒、糖尿病和高血压在人群中的检出率分别为 1%、0.2%、3.8%和 27.7%。糖尿病家族史是欧兹德移民人群中糖尿病的危险因素，调整后的比值比 (AOR) 为 5.36；CI% [1.23-23.28]。年龄 (AOR 为 1.1；CI% [1.06-1.13]) 和非洲血统 (AOR 为 3.07；CI% [1.06-8.92]) 被确定为高血压的危险因素。
欧兹德的移民健康状况良好。高血压的高患病率以及 HCV 和 HIV 阳性病例的存在，强调了定期筛查高血压、HCV 和 HIV 的重要性，以便尽早发现和治疗这些疾病。
