Distribution of Ciprofloxacin- and Azithromycin-Resistant Genes among Typhi Isolated from Human Blood.

CONTEXT

Typhi has developed resistance to different groups of antibiotics.

AIMS

The purpose of the present study was to assess the distribution of ciprofloxacin- and azithromycin-resistant genes among Typhi isolated from human blood.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh from July 2019-June 2020.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Clinically suspected enteric fever patients, irrespective of age and gender, who attended the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and outpatient department of Medicine of tertiary care hospital. Blood culture and sensitivity tests were done. The positive growth of Typhi was identified by Gram staining, colony morphology, and biochemical test. Then, was identified by using -specific antisera. Final identification was made by using 16s rRNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR was also done to detect quinolone and azithromycin resistance genes.

RESULTS

A total number of 83 samples yielded positive cultures, of which 50 isolated organisms were identified as species; however, among these isolates, Typhi was detected in 40 (48.2%) isolates. Among 12 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, 8 (66.67%) were positive for the gyrA gene, 1 (8.33%) was positive for the gene and gene, 2 (16.67%) were positive for aac (6´)-Ib-cr. Among 12 azithromycin-resistant isolates, 2 (16.66%) were positive for and genes, respectively.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the , and genes are found for the first time in tertiary care hospitals from the quinolones and azithromycin-resistant Typhi.