Ai Li, Li Shanshan, Cao Hongmei, Zhu Yawei
State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan430200, China.
College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215021, China.
ACS Omega. 2023 Jan 16;8(4):4106-4115. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06993. eCollection 2023 Jan 31.
Carbon black (CB) has been widely used in many fields; because the color depth of CB is not as good as dyes, black depth and color fastness cannot meet the requirements of users. Therefore, the application of CB in the textile field is greatly restricted. For this purpose, in this paper, we prepared liquid DB@CB (disperse black dye (DB)-modified carbon black) using mixed milling of CB and DB (consisting of Disperse Blue 79, Disperse Orange 288, and Disperse Violet 93). Using the dip-dry-bake method, polyester/spandex fabrics with excellent color fastness, deep black color, and good electrical conductivity were prepared. The rheological properties and interactions of CB and DB were studied by rheometer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the effects of DB@CB concentration on fabric resistance and electrical conductivity were investigated, the properties of DB@CB dyed fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the stability and conductivity mechanism of liquid DB@CB were analyzed. The results showed that the liquid DB@CB was a pseudoplastic fluid based on strong intermolecular interaction by repulsive forces of CB and attractive forces of DB, improving the ordered arrangement and stability of CB and DB molecules. The liquid DB@CB showed a two-dimensional lamellar structure with a vortex-shaped helical molecular arrangement between CB and DB. The polyester/spandex fabrics dyed with DB@CB, had polygonal crystal structures and π-π* intermolecular interactions. It not only improved the conductivity of the fabric but also shows excellent color fastness, which can meet the application requirements of textiles and apparel for deep black, conductivity, and color fastness.
炭黑（CB）已在许多领域广泛应用；但由于炭黑的色深不如染料，黑色深度和色牢度无法满足用户需求。因此，炭黑在纺织领域的应用受到极大限制。为此，本文采用炭黑与由分散蓝79、分散橙288和分散紫93组成的分散黑染料（DB）混合研磨的方法制备了液体DB@CB（分散黑染料改性炭黑）。采用浸轧焙烘法制备了具有优异色牢度、深黑色和良好导电性的聚酯/氨纶织物。通过流变仪和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了炭黑与分散黑染料的流变性能和相互作用，考察了DB@CB浓度对织物电阻和导电性的影响，用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对DB@CB染色织物的性能进行了表征，并分析了液体DB@CB的稳定性和导电机理。结果表明，基于炭黑的排斥力和分散黑染料的吸引力产生的强分子间相互作用，液体DB@CB为假塑性流体，改善了炭黑和分散黑染料分子的有序排列和稳定性。液体DB@CB呈现二维层状结构，炭黑与分散黑染料之间具有涡旋状螺旋分子排列。用DB@CB染色的聚酯/氨纶织物具有多边形晶体结构和π-π*分子间相互作用。它不仅提高了织物的导电性，还表现出优异的色牢度，能够满足纺织品和服装对深黑色、导电性和色牢度的应用要求。
