罕见的胸部癌症：小细胞肺癌、恶性胸膜间皮瘤和胸腺癌的诊断和治疗的全面概述。
Rare thoracic cancers: a comprehensive overview of diagnosis and management of small cell lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma and thymic epithelial tumours.
机构信息
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Oncology, University of Torino, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy.
出版信息
Eur Respir Rev. 2023 Feb 7;32(167). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0174-2022. Print 2023 Mar 31.
Abstract
Despite the progress in outcomes seen with immunotherapy in various malignancies, including nonsmall cell lung cancer, the benefits are less in small cell lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma and thymic epithelial tumours. New effective treatment options are needed, guided more in-depth insights into the pathophysiology of these rare malignancies. This review comprehensively presents an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, staging systems, pathophysiology and treatment options for these rare thoracic cancers. In addition, opportunities for further improvement of therapies are discussed.
摘要
尽管免疫疗法在包括非小细胞肺癌在内的各种恶性肿瘤中的疗效取得了进展，但在小细胞肺癌、恶性胸膜间皮瘤和胸腺癌中，其疗效则较低。需要新的有效治疗方案，这需要更深入地了解这些罕见恶性肿瘤的病理生理学。这篇综述全面介绍了这些罕见的胸部癌症的临床表现、诊断工具、分期系统、病理生理学和治疗选择。此外，还讨论了进一步改善治疗的机会。
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