伊朗大不里士2型糖尿病并发症的患病率及其与饮食知识和技能以及自我护理障碍的关联：一项横断面研究。
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes complications and its association with diet knowledge and skills and self-care barriers in Tabriz, Iran: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Jalilian Habib, Javanshir Elnaz, Torkzadeh Leila, Fehresti Saeedeh, Mir Nazanin, Heidari-Jamebozorgi Majid, Heydari Somayeh
机构信息
Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran.
出版信息
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 2;6(2):e1096. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1096. eCollection 2023 Feb.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Diabetes can lead to multiple complications that can reduce the quality of life, impose additional costs on the healthcare systems and ultimately lead to premature death. Proper self-care in diabetic patients can impede or delay the onset of diabetes complications. This study aimed to investigate diabetes complications and their association with diet knowledge, skills, and self-care barriers.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1139 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) referring to health centers in Tabriz, Iran, were included from January to July 2019. Data were collected using two questionnaires: (1) a sociodemographic questionnaire and (2) a Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. test was used to examine the association between the socioeconomic and disease-related variables and the prevalence of diabetes complications. -test was used to examine the association between diet knowledge and skills, self-care barriers, and the incidence of diabetes complications.
RESULTS
In this study, 76.1% of patients had at least one complication, and 30.2% had a history of hospitalization due to diabetes complications during the past year. Approximately 49% and 43% were diagnosed with high blood pressure and hyperlipidemia, respectively. Cardiovascular disease was the most common diabetes complication (15.9%) and the cause of hospitalization (11.01%) in patients with diabetes. Barriers to diet adherence, blood glucose monitoring, and exercise were significantly associated with self-reported diabetes complications ( < 0.001). Our results showed no significant association between the number of complications and diet knowledge and skills ( = 0.44).
CONCLUSION
This study indicated that the prevalence of diabetes complications was higher among patients with more barriers to self-care. In light of these findings, taking appropriate measures to reduce barriers to self-care can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes complications.
背景与目的
糖尿病可导致多种并发症，这些并发症会降低生活质量，给医疗系统带来额外成本，并最终导致过早死亡。糖尿病患者进行适当的自我护理可阻碍或延缓糖尿病并发症的发生。本研究旨在调查糖尿病并发症及其与饮食知识、技能和自我护理障碍的关联。
方法
这是一项横断面研究。2019年1月至7月，共纳入了1139名转诊至伊朗大不里士健康中心的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者。使用两份问卷收集数据：（1）一份社会人口学问卷和（2）一份个人糖尿病问卷（PDQ）。使用SPSS 22软件进行数据分析。检验用于检查社会经济和疾病相关变量与糖尿病并发症患病率之间的关联。检验用于检查饮食知识和技能、自我护理障碍与糖尿病并发症发生率之间的关联。
结果
在本研究中，76.1%的患者至少有一种并发症，30.2%的患者在过去一年中有因糖尿病并发症住院的病史。分别约有49%和43%的患者被诊断患有高血压和高脂血症。心血管疾病是糖尿病患者中最常见的并发症（15.9%）和住院原因（11.01%）。饮食依从性、血糖监测和运动的障碍与自我报告的糖尿病并发症显著相关（<0.001）。我们的结果显示并发症数量与饮食知识和技能之间无显著关联（=0.44）。
结论
本研究表明，自我护理障碍较多的患者中糖尿病并发症的患病率较高。鉴于这些发现，采取适当措施减少自我护理障碍可预防或延缓糖尿病并发症的发生。
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