Comparison of transcatheter edge-to-edge and surgical repair in patients with functional mitral regurgitation using a meta-analytic approach.

BACKGROUND

Evidence regarding favorable treatment of patients with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) using transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is constantly growing. However, there is only few data directly comparing TEER and surgical mitral valve repair (SMVr).

AIMS

To compare baseline characteristics, short-term and 1-year outcomes in FMR patients undergoing mitral valve (MV) TEER or SMVr using a meta-analytic approach.

METHODS

Systematic database search identified 1,703 studies reporting on TEER or SMVr for treatment of FMR between January 2010 and December 2020. A meta-analytic approach was used to compare outcomes from single-arm and randomized studies based on measures by means of their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was assumed if CIs did not overlap. A total of 21 TEER and 37 SMVr studies comprising 4,304 and 3,983 patients were included.

RESULTS

Patients in the TEER cohort presented with higher age (72.0 ± 1.7 vs. 64.7 ± 4.7 years, < 0.001), greater burden of comorbidities like hypertension ( < 0.001), atrial fibrillation ( < 0.001), lung disease ( < 0.001) and chronic renal disease ( = 0.005) as well as poorer left ventricular ejection fraction (30.9 ± 5.7 vs. 36.6 ± 5.3%, < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was significantly lower with TEER [3% (95%-CI 0.02-0.03) vs. 5% (95%-CI 0.04-0.07)] and 1-year mortality did not differ significantly [18% (95%-CI 0.15-0.21) vs. 11% (0.07-0.18)]. NYHA [1.06 (95%-CI 0.87-1.26) vs. 1.15 (0.74-1.56)] and MR reduction [1.74 (95%-CI 1.52-1.97) vs. 2.08 (1.57-2.59)] were comparable between both cohorts.

CONCLUSION

Despite considerably higher age and comorbidity burden, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in FMR patients treated with TEER, whereas a tendency toward increased 1-year mortality was observed in this high-risk population. In terms of functional status and MR grade reduction, comparable 1-year results were achieved.