From the Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile (FA-Q); Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Las Americas, Santiago, Chile (WS-L); Faculty of Health, Therapeutic Process Department, Temuco Catholic University, Temuco, Chile (IC-V); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Getafe and CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing), Getafe, Spain (AA-B); Escuela de Fisioterapia, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador (HG-E); Department of Physiotherapy, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil (VSP); Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (PGC); Department of Geriatric Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Spain, Biomedical Research Center Network for Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (LR-M); and Geriatrics Department, Getafe University Hospital, Carretera de Toledo, Getafe, Madrid (LR-M).
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2023 Jul 1;102(7):653-659. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002183. Epub 2023 Jan 12.
The aims of this review were to identify studies on physical rehabilitation programs and describe the potential effects on functional outcomes in patients older than 60 yrs at discharge from acute care post-COVID-19. The literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, PEDro, LILACS, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and The Living OVerview of Evidence (L-OVE) COVID-19 databases. Studies with patients older than 60 yrs, hospitalized with COVID-19, and admitted to a rehabilitation program after discharge from acute care were included. Ten studies were included with a total of 572 patients. The prevalence of patients who received post-intensive care rehabilitation was 53% (95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.79; P = 0.001). The rehabilitation program included physiotherapy in nine studies, occupational therapy in three studies, and psychotherapy in two studies. The rehabilitation programs increased aerobic capacity, functional independence in basic activities of daily living, muscle strength, muscle mass, dynamic balance, physical performance, pulmonary function, quality of life, cognitive capacity and mental health. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs are necessary for older adults after hospitalization for COVID-19, especially those coming from intensive care units, as rehabilitation has a positive effect on important clinical outcomes.
本综述的目的是确定针对急性 COVID-19 后出院后 60 岁以上患者的物理康复方案的研究，并描述其对功能结局的潜在影响。文献检索在 MEDLINE、Cochrane 中心、EMBASE、PEDro、LILACS、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus、Web of Science 和 The Living OVerview of Evidence (L-OVE) COVID-19 数据库中进行。纳入了患有 COVID-19、年龄超过 60 岁、住院并在急性护理出院后接受康复计划的患者的研究。共纳入 10 项研究，总计 572 名患者。接受重症监护后康复的患者比例为 53%（95%置信区间，0.27-0.79；P = 0.001）。康复方案包括 9 项研究中的物理治疗、3 项研究中的职业治疗和 2 项研究中的心理治疗。康复方案可提高有氧能力、日常生活基本活动的功能独立性、肌肉力量、肌肉质量、动态平衡、身体机能、肺功能、生活质量、认知能力和心理健康。对于因 COVID-19 住院的老年患者，尤其是来自重症监护病房的患者，多学科康复方案是必要的，因为康复对重要的临床结局有积极影响。
