Health Lit Res Pract. 2023 Jan;7(1):e39-e51. doi: 10.3928/24748307-20230131-01. Epub 2023 Feb 10.
The aim of this study was to analyze the longitudinal development of health literacy (HL) in a large cohort of new mothers in Germany and to investigate which determinants are associated with the initial HL level and with change over time.
Longitudinal data from 1,363 mothers participating with their child in the KUNO-Kids Health Study was used; data were collected at birth of the child (baseline), after 6 and 12 months, using interviews and self-report questionnaires. The HL of mothers was assessed with the health care scale of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire, which has 16 items on accessing, understanding, appraising, and applying health information in the health care setting. Latent growth curve models were used to analyze average trajectories and predictors of HL in the total sample and in the subgroup of first-time mothers.
HL values increased from baseline ( = 35.46, standard deviation [] = 7.34) over 6 months ( = 37.31, = 7.31) to 12 months ( = 38.01, = 7.41). The increase was statistically significant in the total sample (1.188, standard error [SE] = 0.087, < .001) and in the subgroup of first-time mothers (1.357, = 0.113, <. 001), with a steeper trajectory for mothers with lower HL at baseline. Several personal and situational variables were associated with HL at baseline (e.g., education, child health) and with its development (e.g., number of children).
Overall, new mothers became slightly more health literate during their child's first year of life. However, some groups of mothers could benefit from support in developing HL skills even before childbirth. [] Plain Language Summary: We investigated how health literacy (that is the ability to find, understand, and apply health information) develops in new mothers in Germany. Mothers told us that this ability slightly improved during the child's first year of life. Some mothers still have difficulties in dealing with health information; these mothers should be supported even before childbirth.
本研究旨在分析德国一大群新妈妈的健康素养（HL）的纵向发展，并探讨哪些决定因素与初始 HL 水平以及随时间的变化相关。
使用参加 KUNO-Kids 健康研究的 1363 位母亲及其孩子的纵向数据；数据在孩子出生时（基线）、6 个月和 12 个月时通过访谈和自我报告问卷收集。母亲的 HL 使用欧洲健康素养调查问卷的医疗保健量表进行评估，该量表有 16 个项目，用于评估在医疗保健环境中获取、理解、评估和应用健康信息的能力。潜增长曲线模型用于分析总样本和首次生育母亲亚组的 HL 平均轨迹和预测因素。
HL 值从基线（ = 35.46，标准差 [] = 7.34）开始，在 6 个月时（ = 37.31， = 7.31）和 12 个月时（ = 38.01， = 7.41）增加。在总样本（1.188，标准误差 [SE] = 0.087， <.001）和首次生育母亲亚组（1.357， = 0.113， <. 001）中，增加具有统计学意义，对于基线 HL 较低的母亲，轨迹更为陡峭。一些个人和情境变量与基线 HL 相关（例如，教育程度、孩子的健康状况），也与 HL 的发展相关（例如，孩子的数量）。
总体而言，新妈妈在孩子生命的第一年中，健康素养略有提高。然而，一些母亲群体可能需要在分娩前就获得发展 HL 技能的支持。
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