Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Ludwig Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Ludwig Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Immunity. 2023 Feb 14;56(2):240-255. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.004.
Regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a distinct lineage of cells of the adaptive immune system indispensable for forestalling fatal autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. The role of Treg cells as principal guardians of the immune system can be attributed to their ability to restrain all currently recognized major types of inflammatory responses through modulating the activity of a wide range of cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. This broad purview over immunity and inflammation is afforded by the multiple modes of action Treg cells exert upon their diverse molecular and cellular targets. Beyond the suppression of autoimmunity for which they were originally recognized, Treg cells have been implicated in tissue maintenance, repair, and regeneration under physiologic and pathologic conditions. Herein, we discuss the current and emerging understanding of Treg cell effector mechanisms in the context of the basic properties of Treg cells that endow them with such functional versatility.
调节性 T（Treg）细胞代表了适应性免疫系统中的一个独特细胞谱系，对于预防致命的自身免疫和炎症性疾病是必不可少的。Treg 细胞作为免疫系统的主要保护者的作用可以归因于它们通过调节先天和适应性免疫系统的广泛细胞的活性来抑制所有目前公认的主要类型的炎症反应的能力。Treg 细胞对免疫和炎症的广泛影响是通过它们对多种分子和细胞靶标的多种作用模式实现的。除了最初被识别的对自身免疫的抑制作用外，Treg 细胞还被认为与生理和病理条件下的组织维持、修复和再生有关。在此，我们讨论了 Treg 细胞效应机制在赋予 Treg 细胞这种功能多样性的基本特性方面的当前和新兴理解。
