Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil.
Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Neurotox Res. 2023 Jun;41(3):288-309. doi: 10.1007/s12640-022-00632-1. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal illness characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration. Conventional therapies for ALS are based on treatment of symptoms, and the disease remains incurable. Molecular mechanisms are unclear, but studies have been pointing to involvement of glia, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and glutamate excitotoxicity as a key factor. Nowadays, we have few treatments for this disease that only delays death, but also does not stop the neurodegenerative process. These treatments are based on glutamate blockage (riluzole), tyrosine kinase inhibition (masitinib), and antioxidant activity (edaravone). In the past few years, plant-derived compounds have been studied for neurodegenerative disorder therapies based on neuroprotection and glial cell response. In this review, we describe mechanisms of action of natural compounds associated with neuroprotective effects, and the possibilities for new therapeutic strategies in ALS.
肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）是一种致命的疾病，其特征是运动神经元进行性退化。ALS 的常规疗法基于症状治疗，且该疾病仍无法治愈。其分子机制尚不清楚，但研究已经指出神经胶质细胞、神经炎症、氧化应激和谷氨酸兴奋性毒性的参与是一个关键因素。如今，我们针对这种疾病的治疗方法很少，这些方法只能延缓死亡，但不能阻止神经退行性过程。这些治疗方法基于谷氨酸阻断（利鲁唑）、酪氨酸激酶抑制（马替尼）和抗氧化活性（依达拉奉）。在过去的几年中，基于神经保护和神经胶质细胞反应，植物衍生化合物已被研究用于治疗神经退行性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们描述了与神经保护作用相关的天然化合物的作用机制，以及 ALS 中可能的新治疗策略。
