Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
PeerJ. 2023 Feb 22;11:e14853. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14853. eCollection 2023.
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease resulting in significant loss of systemic gland secretory function. IgG glycosylation abnormalities had been found to play important roles in autoimmune diseases. Here, we aim to explore the specific changes of IgG glycosylation in PSS patient serum that could serve as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
From 2012 to 2018, patients diagnosed with PSS or primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) admitted consecutively to the department of Rheumatology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively included in this study. Glycan profiles of serum IgG from 40 PSS patients, 50 PBC patients, and 38 healthy controls were detected with lectin microarray containing 56 lectins. Lectins with significantly different signal intensity among groups were selected and validated by lectin blot assay.
Lectin microarray analysis revealed that binding levels of Amaranthus Caudatus Lectin (ACL, prefers glycan Galβ3GalNAc, = 0.011), Morniga M Lectin (MNA-M, prefers glycan mannose. = 0.013), and Lens Culinaris Agglutinin (LCA, prefers glycan fucose) were significantly increased, while Agglutinin (SSA, prefers glycan sialylation, = 0.001) was significantly decreased in PSS patients compared to PBC group. Compared to healthy controls, MNA-M ( = 0.001) and LCA ( = 0.028) were also significantly increased, while Phaseolus Vulgaris Erythroagglutinin and Phaseolus Vulgaris Leucoagglutinin (PHA-E and PHA-L, prefer glycan galactose, = 0.004 and 0.006) were significantly decreased in PSS patients. The results of LCA and MNA-M were further confirmed using lectin blot assay.
Changes in serum IgG glycosylation in PSS increased binding levels of LCA and MNA-M lectins using microarray techniques compared to PBC patients and healthy controls, which could provide potential diagnostic value. Increased core fucose and mannose alteration of IgG may play important roles in PSS disease.
原发性干燥综合征（PSS）是一种系统性自身免疫性疾病，导致全身腺体分泌功能显著丧失。免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）糖基化异常在自身免疫性疾病中发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们旨在探索 PSS 患者血清中 IgG 糖基化的具体变化，这些变化可能成为疾病诊断和鉴别诊断的潜在生物标志物。
2012 年至 2018 年，连续收治于北京协和医院风湿免疫科的 PSS 或原发性胆汁性胆管炎（PBC）患者被纳入本研究。采用凝集素微阵列技术（含有 56 种凝集素）检测 40 例 PSS 患者、50 例 PBC 患者和 38 名健康对照者的血清 IgG 聚糖图谱。对组间信号强度有显著差异的凝集素进行筛选，并通过凝集素印迹验证。
凝集素微阵列分析显示，与 PBC 组相比，PSS 患者的 Amaranthus Caudatus Lectin（ACL，偏好糖基 Galβ3GalNAc， = 0.011）、Morniga M Lectin（MNA-M，偏好糖基甘露糖， = 0.013）和 Lens Culinaris Agglutinin（LCA，偏好糖基岩藻糖）的结合水平显著升高，而 Sialic Acid Binding IgM Lectin（SSA，偏好糖基唾液酸化， = 0.001）的结合水平显著降低。与健康对照组相比，MNA-M（ = 0.001）和 LCA（ = 0.028）也显著升高，而 Phaseolus Vulgaris Erythroagglutinin 和 Phaseolus Vulgaris Leucoagglutinin（PHA-E 和 PHA-L，偏好糖基半乳糖， = 0.004 和 0.006）则显著降低。LCA 和 MNA-M 的结果通过凝集素印迹进一步得到证实。
与 PBC 患者和健康对照组相比，使用微阵列技术，PSS 患者血清 IgG 糖基化的改变增加了 LCA 和 MNA-M 凝集素的结合水平，这可能提供潜在的诊断价值。IgG 核心岩藻糖和甘露糖改变的增加可能在 PSS 疾病中发挥重要作用。
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