Institute of Biology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia.
Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 21;20(5):3847. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20053847.
One of the main reservoirs depositing various classes of pollutants in high latitude regions are wetland ecosystems. Climate warming trends result in the degradation of permafrost in cryolitic peatlands, which exposes the hydrological network to risks of heavy metal (HM) ingress and its subsequent migration to the Arctic Ocean basin. The objectives included: (1) carrying out a quantitative analysis of the content of HMs and As across the profile of Histosols in background and technogenic landscapes of the Subarctic region, (2) evaluating the contribution of the anthropogenic impact to the accumulation of trace elements in the seasonally thawed layer (STL) of peat deposits, (3) discovering the effect of biogeochemical barriers on the vertical distribution of HMs and As. The analyses of elements were conducted by atom emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma, atomic absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive X-ray detecting. The study focused on the characteristics of the layer-by-layer accumulation of HMs and As in hummocky peatlands of the extreme northern taiga. It revealed the upper level of microelement accumulation to be associated with the STL as a result of aerogenic pollution. Specifically composed spheroidal microparticles found in the upper layer of peat may serve as indicators of the area polluted by power plants. The accumulation of water-soluble forms of most of the pollutants studied on the upper boundary of the permafrost layer (PL) is explained by the high mobility of elements in an acidic environment. In the STL, humic acids act as a significant sorption geochemical barrier for elements with a high stability constant value. In the PL, the accumulation of pollutants is associated with their sorption on aluminum-iron complexes and interaction with the sulfide barrier. A significant contribution of biogenic element accumulation was shown by statistical analysis.
在高纬度地区，储存各种污染物的主要储层之一是湿地生态系统。气候变暖趋势导致永冻层在冰沼土中的退化，使水文网络面临重金属（HM）入侵及其随后向北极海洋盆地迁移的风险。目标包括：（1）对北极地区背景和人为景观中 Histosols 剖面中 HM 和 As 的含量进行定量分析，（2）评估人为影响对泥炭沉积物季节性解冻层（STL）中痕量元素积累的贡献，（3）发现生物地球化学障碍对 HM 和 As 垂直分布的影响。元素分析采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法和带有能量色散 X 射线检测的扫描电子显微镜法进行。该研究侧重于研究极端北方泰加林的丘状泥炭地中 HM 和 As 的分层积累特征。研究结果表明，由于大气污染，微量元素的积累与 STL 相关。在泥炭上层发现的特定组成的球形微粒子可作为受发电厂污染的区域的指示物。在永冻层（PL）的上边界，研究的大部分污染物的可溶形式的积累可以用酸性环境中元素的高迁移性来解释。在 STL 中，腐殖酸作为具有高稳定性常数值的元素的重要吸附地球化学屏障。在 PL 中，污染物的积累与它们在铝铁复合物上的吸附以及与硫化物屏障的相互作用有关。统计分析表明，生物元素的积累有显著贡献。
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