Multicomponent spectrophotometric determination of a ternary mixture of widely-prescribed cardiovascular drugs by four different methods.

Four accurate, green, uncomplicated, and fast spectrophotometric procedures were established for the purpose of resolving as well as quantifying a ternary combination prescribed for cardiovascular patients, such as aspirin, atorvastatin, and ramipril. Method (A) is based on the first derivative zero-crossing spectrophotometry for the determination of aspirin and atorvastatin at 247.4 nm and 302.6 nm, respectively. Ramipril was determined using the second derivative at 211 nm. Method (B) depends on the ratio spectra first derivative (RDS) where the absorption spectrum of the ternary combination was divided by the spectrum of one of the analytes. When treated similarly, the concentrations of the other two analytes were measured using their corresponding calibration graphs. For the determination of ASP and RAM, ATR was used as a divisor with a concentration of 26 µg/mL, and the RDS values at 272.0 and 225.8 nm, respectively, were plotted against the ASP and RAM concentrations. Using 40 µg/mL ASP as a divisor, ATR was analyzed, and the RDS values at 295 nm were plotted versus the ATR concentration. Method (C) is based on the double divisor-ratio spectra derivative technique. In this technique, the derivative of the ratio spectrum is computed by dividing the absorption spectra of the studied combination by the standard spectrum of abinary combination of two of the three analytes being studied. The concentrations of the three analytes in the mixture were assayed by determining the absorbance either at the positive or the negative amplitude. For the determination of ASP, ATR, and RAM, the wavelengths used were 244, 295, and 220 nm, respectively. Method (D) was a hybrid double divisor-ratio spectra technique based on convolving the double divisor-ratio spectra with trigonometric Fourier functions. The magnitudes of the Fourier function coefficients at either maximum or minimum points were correlated to the concentration of each drug in the mixture. The specificity of the suggested methods was tested by analyzing synthetic laboratory-prepared combinations and laboratory-made tablets. Furthermore, the accuracy and precision were ensured by statistically comparing the obtained results with those obtained from comparison method using Bartlett's Test for Equality of Variances and ANOVA test.