牙周炎与高血压的关系：来自中国第四次全国口腔健康调查（2015-2016 年）的横断面研究。

Association between periodontitis and hypertension: cross-sectional survey from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015-2016).

机构信息

First Clinical Division & Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2023 Mar 27;13(3):e068724. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068724.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068724

PMID:36972967

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10069577/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the association between periodontitis severity and hypertension based on Chinese epidemiological data.

DESIGN

This cross-sectional survey enrolled adults from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015-2016).

SETTING

The data were obtained from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015-2016).

PARTICIPANTS

The study included individuals aged 35-44 years (n=4409), 55-64 years (n=4568) and 65-74 years (n=4218).

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES

Periodontal status, defined on the basis of the 2017 classification scheme, and periodontal parameters (eg, bleeding on probing (BOP)) were compared between individuals with hypertension and individuals with normotension. Smoothed scatterplots were constructed to demonstrate the associations of periodontal parameters and periodontal status with hypertension.

RESULTS

Severe periodontitis (stages III and IV) was present in 41.4% of individuals with hypertension and 28.0% of individuals with normotension, respectively (p<0.001). The prevalence of severe periodontitis was higher in individuals with hypertension than that in individuals with normotension among participants aged 35-44 years (18.0% vs 10.1%, p<0.001) and 55-64 years (40.2% vs 36.7%, p=0.035), but not in participants aged 65-74 years (46.4% vs 45.1%, p=0.429). Therefore, the difference in periodontal status between individuals with hypertension and individuals with normotension decreased with age. There were higher prevalences of BOP, probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm and PD ≥6 mm in individuals with hypertension than in individuals with normotension (52.1% vs 49.2%, 19.6% vs 14.7% and 1.8% vs 1.1%, respectively). Periodontitis severity and the proportion of teeth with PD ≥4 or ≥6 mm were positively associated with hypertension.

CONCLUSION

Periodontitis is associated with hypertension in Chinese adults. Hypertension prevalence increased with periodontitis severity, particularly among young participants. Accordingly, it is necessary to improve the education, awareness of periodontal treatment and preventive management among individuals at risk of hypertension, particularly in the younger population.

摘要

目的

基于中国流行病学数据评估牙周炎严重程度与高血压之间的关系。

设计

本横断面调查纳入了来自中国第四次全国口腔健康调查（2015-2016 年）的成年人。

地点

数据来自中国第四次全国口腔健康调查（2015-2016 年）。

参与者

本研究纳入了 35-44 岁（n=4409）、55-64 岁（n=4568）和 65-74 岁（n=4218）的个体。

主要和次要观察指标

根据 2017 年分类方案定义的牙周状况和牙周参数（如探诊出血（BOP））在高血压患者和血压正常患者之间进行比较。构建平滑散点图以显示牙周参数和牙周状况与高血压之间的关联。

结果

高血压患者中重度牙周炎（III 期和 IV 期）的患病率为 41.4%，血压正常患者的患病率为 28.0%（p<0.001）。在 35-44 岁（18.0%比 10.1%，p<0.001）和 55-64 岁（40.2%比 36.7%，p=0.035）参与者中，高血压患者中重度牙周炎的患病率高于血压正常患者，但在 65-74 岁参与者中无显著差异（46.4%比 45.1%，p=0.429）。因此，高血压患者和血压正常患者的牙周状况差异随着年龄的增长而减小。高血压患者的 BOP、探诊深度（PD）≥4 mm 和 PD≥6 mm 的患病率均高于血压正常患者（52.1%比 49.2%、19.6%比 14.7%和 1.8%比 1.1%）。牙周炎严重程度和 PD≥4 或≥6 mm 的牙齿比例与高血压呈正相关。