父-子嬉戏行为：对 3 名自闭症谱系障碍儿童的多项基线单例研究的二次分析。

Father-Child Playfulness: A Secondary Analysis of a Multiple-Baseline Single-Subject Study of Three Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

机构信息

Amiya Waldman-Levi, PhD, OTR/L, is Clinical Associate Professor/Director of Scholarship and Research, Occupational Therapy Doctorate Program, Katz School of Science and Health, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY. At the time the research was completed, Waldman-Levi was Associate Professor of Occupational Therapy, Long Island University, NY;

Heather Kuhaneck, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Founding Program Director and Professor of Occupational Therapy, Department of Recreation, Tourism, and Sports Management, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT. At the time the research was completed, Kuhaneck was Associate Professor of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT.

出版信息

Am J Occup Ther. 2023 Mar 1;77(2). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2023.050081.

DOI:10.5014/ajot.2023.050081

PMID:37018052

Abstract

IMPORTANCE

Ayres Sensory Integration® (ASI) is commonly used with children on the autism spectrum to promote sensory processing and improved occupational performance, including play. To date, there has been no explicit effort to examine improvements in playfulness through ASI.

OBJECTIVE

To explore whether ASI, coupled with parent training, improves child playfulness and fathers' support of child playfulness.

DESIGN

Single-subject A-B-BC design secondary analysis of a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline study.

SETTING

Occupational therapy clinic.

PARTICIPANTS

Three father-child dyads; children were ages 3 to 6 yr, with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and documented sensory processing concerns.

INTERVENTION

After a baseline phase, each child received at least 24 sessions of ASI, and fathers received parent training focusing on sensory processing issues and play via an online presentation.

OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

The Parent/Caregiver's Support of Children's Playfulness and the Test of Playfulness.

RESULTS

Visual analysis of the baseline phase, ASI phase, and ASI with parent training phase shows that all 3 fathers demonstrated an increase in the way they supported their child's playfulness; however, this change was not maintained. Children's playfulness fluctuated, reaching a peak after fathers received training, but none of the children maintained that change.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

Additional support by the therapist is required for fathers to learn and use new strategies to promote consistent change in child playfulness during play. Pilot data can be used to inform future studies. What This Article Adds: Occupation- and family-centered frameworks may be useful in guiding practice when working with families of children with ASD.

摘要