Amiya Waldman-Levi, PhD, OTR/L, is Clinical Associate Professor/Director of Scholarship and Research, Occupational Therapy Doctorate Program, Katz School of Science and Health, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY. At the time the research was completed, Waldman-Levi was Associate Professor of Occupational Therapy, Long Island University, NY;
Heather Kuhaneck, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Founding Program Director and Professor of Occupational Therapy, Department of Recreation, Tourism, and Sports Management, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT. At the time the research was completed, Kuhaneck was Associate Professor of Occupational Therapy, College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT.
Am J Occup Ther. 2023 Mar 1;77(2). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2023.050081.
Ayres Sensory Integration® (ASI) is commonly used with children on the autism spectrum to promote sensory processing and improved occupational performance, including play. To date, there has been no explicit effort to examine improvements in playfulness through ASI.
To explore whether ASI, coupled with parent training, improves child playfulness and fathers' support of child playfulness.
Single-subject A-B-BC design secondary analysis of a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline study.
Occupational therapy clinic.
Three father-child dyads; children were ages 3 to 6 yr, with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and documented sensory processing concerns.
After a baseline phase, each child received at least 24 sessions of ASI, and fathers received parent training focusing on sensory processing issues and play via an online presentation.
The Parent/Caregiver's Support of Children's Playfulness and the Test of Playfulness.
Visual analysis of the baseline phase, ASI phase, and ASI with parent training phase shows that all 3 fathers demonstrated an increase in the way they supported their child's playfulness; however, this change was not maintained. Children's playfulness fluctuated, reaching a peak after fathers received training, but none of the children maintained that change.
Additional support by the therapist is required for fathers to learn and use new strategies to promote consistent change in child playfulness during play. Pilot data can be used to inform future studies. What This Article Adds: Occupation- and family-centered frameworks may be useful in guiding practice when working with families of children with ASD.
Ayres 感觉统合疗法（ASI）常用于自闭症谱系儿童，以促进感觉处理和改善职业表现，包括游戏。迄今为止，尚无明确的努力通过 ASI 来检查游戏性的提高。
探讨 ASI 与家长培训相结合是否可以提高儿童的游戏性和父亲对儿童游戏性的支持。
非同期多项基线研究的单主题 A-B-BC 设计的二次分析。
职业治疗诊所。
三个父亲-儿童对子；儿童年龄在 3 至 6 岁之间，患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）并记录有感觉处理问题。
在基线阶段之后，每个孩子至少接受了 24 节 ASI 治疗，父亲们通过在线演示接受了针对感觉处理问题和游戏的家长培训。
父母/照顾者对孩子游戏性的支持和游戏测试。
基线阶段、ASI 阶段和 ASI 与家长培训阶段的视觉分析表明，所有 3 位父亲都表现出了更多支持孩子游戏性的方式；然而，这种变化并没有得到维持。儿童的游戏性波动不定，在父亲接受培训后达到峰值，但没有一个孩子保持这种变化。
需要治疗师提供额外的支持，以便父亲学习和使用新策略，在游戏中促进儿童游戏性的持续变化。初步数据可用于为未来的研究提供信息。本文的意义：以职业和家庭为中心的框架在为 ASD 儿童的家庭提供服务时可能有助于指导实践。
