Department of Geography, Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kyambogo, Uganda.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2023 Mar 31;2023:4947272. doi: 10.1155/2023/4947272. eCollection 2023.
Water hyacinth () degrades and obstructs the integrity of freshwater ecosystems. However, little attention has been paid to monitoring water hyacinth's spatial extent, its determinants, and its effects on water quality in Lake Victoria, Uganda. The specific objectives of this paper are to (i) assess the spatial extent and distribution of water hyacinth; (ii) examine the determinants of water hyacinth distribution, and (iii) assess its impact on water quality. High-resolution satellite images (2016-2019) were obtained and used to monitor the spatial extent of the water hyacinth, a household survey was conducted to examine the determinants of the water hyacinth's extent and patterns while water samples were drawn and analysed for physicochemical properties. Results show that the coverage and distribution of water hyacinth varied over space and time. Water hyacinth coverage primarily increased with a decrease in water surface area. The perceived factors that triggered the water hyacinth spread included the morphology of the Bay, effluent discharge, strong winds, speed of water current, water-level changes, ferry navigation, and construction activities at the shore. Water parameters significantly impacted by hyacinth were pH, TP, BOD, COD, DO, turbidity, and transparency. This study recommends the strict development and implementation of integrated weed control measures, catchment management plans, and point and nonpoint pollution source control.
凤眼蓝（）会破坏和阻碍淡水生态系统的完整性。然而，人们很少关注监测凤眼蓝在乌干达维多利亚湖的空间范围、其决定因素及其对水质的影响。本文的具体目标是：(i) 评估凤眼蓝的空间范围和分布；(ii) 检查凤眼蓝分布的决定因素，以及 (iii) 评估其对水质的影响。获得了高分辨率卫星图像（2016-2019 年），并用于监测凤眼蓝的空间范围，进行了一项家庭调查，以检查凤眼蓝范围和模式的决定因素，同时抽取和分析水样以进行理化特性分析。结果表明，凤眼蓝的覆盖范围和分布随空间和时间而变化。凤眼蓝的覆盖范围主要随着水面面积的减少而增加。引发凤眼蓝蔓延的感知因素包括湾的形态、污水排放、强风、水流速度、水位变化、渡轮航行和岸边的建设活动。受水葫芦影响的水参数有 pH 值、TP、BOD、COD、DO、浊度和透明度。本研究建议严格制定和实施综合杂草控制措施、集水区管理计划以及点源和非点源污染源控制。
