Faculty of Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
Cogn Process. 2023 Aug;24(3):361-374. doi: 10.1007/s10339-023-01136-2. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
While the message emanating from physiological and psychological research has extolled the general advantages of exercise in physical and cognitive health, the social distancing and the impossibility of group exercises have revealed more complex conditions. Therefore, we performed an experimental study comparing the effect of individual and group cognitive-motor training on reconstructing subjective well-being (SWB) and quality of life (QOL) in older males who recovered from COVID-19. The study's design is a single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT). The participants, 36 older men (65-80 yrs.) recovering from COVID-19, were randomly divided into (1) Group A (cognitive-motor training, G-CMT); (2) Group B (individual cognitive-motor training, I-CMT); and (3) Group C (control). Both training interventions involved performing a training protocol (cognitive-motor training) twice a week for four weeks. The outcomes included an assessment of the SWB and QOL of participants by SWB scale and world health organization QOL scale at baseline and two weeks after interventions. Except for the effect of age and number of children variables on QOL, other demographic variables had no significant effect on the results of SWB or WHOQOL of participants (P > 0.05). The SWB results in G-CMT were better than I-CMT and control groups in emotional and social well-being domains. Also, WHOQOL test results in G-CMT were better than control groups in domains of psychological and social relationships, whereas I-CMT performed better than G-CMT and control groups in domains of cognitive well-being, physical health, and environment. The results revealed that the mean test scores of SWB and WHOQOL in G-CMT and I-CMT were better than the control group (P ≤ 0.001). The positive effects of cognitive-motor training on reconstructing SWB and QOL are associated with the synchronicity of cognitive and motor components in these exercises. We suggest that the emotional, social, and psychological benefits of cognitive-motor training override cognitive, physical, and environmental changes. The future line of the present study will include pathophysiology and further clinical aspect of recovering from COVID-19.
虽然来自生理和心理研究的信息赞扬了运动对身体和认知健康的一般益处，但社交距离和团体运动的不可能揭示了更复杂的情况。因此，我们进行了一项实验研究，比较了个体和团体认知-运动训练对从 COVID-19 中康复的老年男性重建主观幸福感 (SWB) 和生活质量 (QOL) 的影响。该研究的设计是一项单盲、随机对照试验 (RCT)。参与者为 36 名从 COVID-19 中康复的老年男性 (65-80 岁)，随机分为 (1) 组 A (认知-运动训练，G-CMT)；(2) 组 B (个体认知-运动训练，I-CMT)；和 (3) 组 C (对照组)。两个训练干预都包括每周两次进行为期四周的训练方案 (认知-运动训练)。在基线和干预两周后，使用幸福感量表和世界卫生组织生活质量量表评估参与者的 SWB 和 QOL。除了年龄和孩子数量变量对 QOL 的影响外，其他人口统计学变量对参与者的 SWB 或 WHOQOL 结果没有显著影响 (P > 0.05)。G-CMT 组的 SWB 结果在情感和社会幸福感领域优于 I-CMT 和对照组。此外，G-CMT 组的 WHOQOL 测试结果在心理和社会关系领域优于对照组，而 I-CMT 组在认知幸福感、身体健康和环境领域的表现优于 G-CMT 和对照组。结果表明，G-CMT 和 I-CMT 组的 SWB 和 WHOQOL 测试平均分均优于对照组 (P ≤ 0.001)。认知-运动训练对重建 SWB 和 QOL 的积极影响与这些运动中认知和运动成分的同步性有关。我们建议，认知-运动训练的情感、社会和心理益处超过认知、身体和环境的变化。本研究的未来方向将包括 COVID-19 康复的病理生理学和进一步的临床方面。
