Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 12;18(4):e0284306. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284306. eCollection 2023.
The unprecedented pressure of working on the frontline during the Covid-19 pandemic had a demonstrable impact on the mental health and wellbeing of health and social care workers in the early stages of the pandemic, however, less research has focused on workers' experiences over the longer course of the pandemic.
We set out to develop an explanatory model of the processes that helped and hindered the coping of HSCWs working over the course of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Twenty HSCWs based in the UK took part in the study. They completed semi-structured interviews 12-18 months after the peak of the first wave in the UK. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using grounded theory methodology.
The analysis identified eleven theoretical codes: personal context, organisational resources, organisational response, management, colleagues, decision-making and responsibilities, internal impacts, external impactors, safety, barriers to accessing support and temporal factors. The findings suggest that factors related to the individual themselves, their personal context, the organisation they work in, their managers, the support structures around them and their sense of safety impacted on HSCWs; ability to cope. Some factors changed over time throughout the first year of the pandemic, such as workload and staff illness, which further impacted HSCWs' coping. There were many barriers to accessing support that also impacted coping, including availability, awareness and time. The relationship between the factors that impacted coping are represented in an explanatory model.
The findings extend previous studies on the mental health impact on frontline HSCWs working during Covid-19, providing novel insight by developing an explanatory model illustrating the underlying factors that impacted their coping experiences over the course of the pandemic in the UK. The findings from this study may assist in the development of improved and more effective support for HSCWs going forwards.
在新冠疫情期间，医护人员在前线工作面临前所未有的压力，这对他们的心理健康和福祉产生了明显的影响。然而，针对疫情期间医护人员长期工作体验的研究相对较少。
我们旨在构建一个解释模型，阐述在新冠疫情期间帮助和阻碍医护人员应对压力的过程。
20 名在英国工作的医护人员参与了这项研究。他们在英国第一波疫情高峰期过后的 12-18 个月接受了半结构化访谈。访谈内容被转录并使用扎根理论方法进行分析。
分析确定了 11 个理论代码：个人背景、组织资源、组织反应、管理、同事、决策和责任、内部影响、外部影响因素、安全、获取支持的障碍和时间因素。研究结果表明，与个人自身、个人背景、工作组织、他们的经理、周围的支持结构以及安全感相关的因素影响了医护人员的应对能力。一些因素在疫情第一年随着时间的推移而变化，例如工作量和员工患病，这进一步影响了医护人员的应对能力。有许多获取支持的障碍也影响了应对能力，包括可用性、意识和时间。影响应对能力的因素之间的关系在一个解释模型中得到了体现。
这些发现扩展了之前关于新冠疫情期间一线医护人员心理健康影响的研究，通过构建一个解释模型，提供了新的见解，说明了影响他们在英国疫情期间应对体验的潜在因素。本研究的结果可能有助于为医护人员提供更好、更有效的支持。
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