Orlando-Romero Laura, Vives-Vergara Alejandra, Valdebenito Roxana, Cortinez-O'Ryan Andrea, Baeza Fernando, Rasse Alejandra
Departamento de Salud Pública, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 May 8;39(5):e00149822. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XES149822. eCollection 2023.
The objective was to understand the link between housing, health and quality of life in a context of social housing regeneration, through the experiences and perceptions of its inhabitants, exploring the mechanisms that sustain this link before regeneration, and those elements derived from housing regeneration that result in improvements in quality of life and potentially in health. Between 1980 and the 2000s, Chile faced a massive quantitative housing deficit through a policy that delivered more than 120,000 low-cost social housing apartments. Today, thousands present severe habitability problems, generating negative consequences for their inhabitants, their health and well-being. Seeking to solve the deterioration of housing and neighborhoods, the Chilean Ministry of Housing and Urbanism developed the Housing Complex Regeneration Program. The RUCAS project seeks to evaluate the effects of the program on health and to assess the impact of interventions such as these on vulnerable populations in Latin America. We present results of 8 interviews and 2 focus groups conducted in a social housing complex in process of intervention in Viña del Mar. Using discursive content analysis, results show that the poor material quality of housing is perceived as harmful to health. Regenerated housing, on the other hand, promotes the recovery and re-appropriation of spaces and their uses, sociability, new healthy practices, positive feelings and psychological well-being, bringing to the fore the psychosocial component of people's relationship with their house. It is concluded that housing regeneration has the potential to benefit physical and mental health through both direct mechanisms, derived from the renovated materiality, and indirect mechanisms related to the practices and experiences of the lived space.
目标是通过社会住房更新背景下居民的经历和认知,来理解住房、健康与生活质量之间的联系,探究在更新之前维系这种联系的机制,以及住房更新所产生的、能带来生活质量改善并可能促进健康的那些要素。从1980年到21世纪初,智利通过一项政策交付了超过12万套低成本社会住房公寓,从而面临着巨大的住房数量短缺问题。如今,数千套住房存在严重的居住适宜性问题,给居民、他们的健康和幸福带来了负面后果。为了解决住房和社区的恶化问题,智利住房与城市发展部制定了住房综合体更新计划。RUCAS项目旨在评估该计划对健康的影响,并评估此类干预措施对拉丁美洲弱势群体的影响。我们展示了在比尼亚德尔马一个正在进行干预的社会住房综合体中进行的8次访谈和2次焦点小组讨论的结果。通过话语内容分析,结果表明住房的物质质量差被认为对健康有害。另一方面,更新后的住房促进了空间及其用途的恢复和重新利用、社交性、新的健康习惯、积极情绪和心理健康,凸显了人们与房屋关系中的心理社会成分。研究得出结论,住房更新有潜力通过源自翻新物质性的直接机制以及与居住空间的实践和体验相关联的间接机制,对身心健康产生益处。