Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Cell Biol. 2023 Aug 7;222(8). doi: 10.1083/jcb.202211074. Epub 2023 May 10.
Nuclear envelope (NE) budding is a nuclear pore-independent nuclear export pathway, analogous to the egress of herpesviruses, and required for protein quality control, synapse development, and mitochondrial integrity. The physical formation of NE buds is dependent on the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein, Wash, its regulatory complex (SHRC), and Arp2/3, and requires Wash's actin nucleation activity. However, the machinery governing cargo recruitment and organization within the NE bud remains unknown. Here, we identify Pavarotti (Pav) and Tumbleweed (Tum) as new molecular components of NE budding. Pav and Tum interact directly with Wash and define a second nuclear Wash-containing complex required for NE budding. Interestingly, we find that the actin-bundling activity of Pav is required, suggesting a structural role in the physical and/or organizational aspects of NE buds. Thus, Pav and Tum are providing exciting new entry points into the physical machineries of this alternative nuclear export pathway for large cargos during cell differentiation and development.
核被膜(NE)出芽是一种与疱疹病毒出芽类似的核孔非依赖性核输出途径,对于蛋白质质量控制、突触发育和线粒体完整性至关重要。NE 芽的物理形成依赖于 Wiskott-Aldrich 综合征蛋白(Wash)、其调节复合物(SHRC)和 Arp2/3,并且需要 Wash 的肌动蛋白成核活性。然而,控制货物在 NE 芽内募集和组织的机制仍然未知。在这里,我们鉴定出 Pavarotti(Pav)和 Tumbleweed(Tum)是 NE 出芽的新的分子成分。Pav 和 Tum 与 Wash 直接相互作用,并定义了第二个核 Wash 包含的复合物,该复合物对于 NE 出芽是必需的。有趣的是,我们发现 Pav 的肌动蛋白成束活性是必需的,这表明在物理和/或 NE 芽的组织方面具有结构作用。因此,Pav 和 Tum 为细胞分化和发育过程中大型货物的这种替代核输出途径的物理机制提供了令人兴奋的新切入点。