The University of Toledo Medical Center, OH, USA.
J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2023 Jan-Dec;11:23247096231176215. doi: 10.1177/23247096231176215.
Cocaine, one of most prevalent illicit substances in the United States, affects a multitude of organ systems and precedes numerous negative health outcomes. Many of the consequences of cocaine are linked to induction of vasoconstriction. For this reason, cocaine users are placed at considerable risk of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrhythmias. Furthermore, a prominent contaminant, levamisole, has been widely implicated in predisposing individuals to developing or exacerbating cutaneous vasculitides. This report details a 31-year-old woman with acute, localized necrotic skin lesions after cocaine use. Her clinical picture was complicated by a 17-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Raynaud's phenomenon. This case examines the challenge of forming a differential diagnosis, initiating an appropriate workup, and interpreting serologic-based and immunologic-based studies to differentiate between SLE and drug-based etiologies of skin necrosis. Finally, we discuss appropriate treatment plans to mitigate symptoms and reduce future instances of drug-induced vasculitis.
可卡因是美国最常见的非法物质之一,它会影响多个器官系统,并导致许多负面的健康后果。可卡因的许多后果都与血管收缩的诱导有关。因此,可卡因使用者面临着相当大的缺血性中风、心肌梗死和心律失常的风险。此外,一种常见的污染物——左旋咪唑,被广泛认为会使个体更容易患上或加重皮肤血管炎。本报告详细介绍了一位 31 岁女性在使用可卡因后出现急性、局部坏死性皮肤损伤。她的临床情况因 17 年的系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)和雷诺现象病史而变得复杂。本病例检查了形成鉴别诊断、启动适当的检查、以及解释基于血清学和免疫的研究以区分 SLE 和药物引起的皮肤坏死的病因的挑战。最后,我们讨论了适当的治疗方案,以减轻症状并减少未来药物引起的血管炎的发生。