Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
J Med Virol. 2023 May;95(5):e28763. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28763.
People are expected to have been previously vaccinated with a Vaccinia-based vaccine, as until 1980 smallpox vaccination was a standard protocol in China. It is unclear whether people with smallpox vaccine still have antibody against vaccinia virus (VACV) and cross-antibody against monkeypox virus (MPXV). Herein, we assessed the binding antibodies with antigen of VACV-A33 and MPXV-A35 in the general population and HIV-1 infected patients. Firstly, we detected VACV antibody with A33 protein to evaluate the efficiency of smallpox vaccination. The result show that 29% (23 of 79) of hospital staff (age ≥ 42 years) and 63% (60 of 95) of HIV-positive patients (age ≥ 42 years) from Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital were able to bind A33. However, among the subjects below 42 years of age, 1.5% (3/198) of the hospital volunteer samples and 1% (1/104) of the samples from HIV patients were positive for antibodies against A33 antigen. Then, we assessed the specific cross-reactive antibodies against MPXV A35 protein. 24% (19 of 79) hospital staff (age〉 = 42 years) and 44% (42 of 95) of HIV-positive patients (age〉 = 42 years) were positive. 98% (194/198) of the hospital staff and 99% (103/104) of the HIV patients had no A35-binding antibodies. Further, we found significant sex differences for the reactivity to A35 antigen were observed in HIV population, but no significant sex differences in hospital staff. Further, we analyzed the positivity rate of anti-A35 antibody of men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-MSM in HIV patients (age〉 = 42years). We found that 47% of no-MSM population and 40% of MSM population were positive for A35 antigen, with no significant difference. Lastly, we found only 59 samples were positive for anti-A33 IgG and anti-A35 IgG in all participants. Together, we demonstrated A33 and A35 antigens binding antibodies were detected in HIV patients and general population who were older than 42 years, and cohort studies only provided data of serological detection to support early response to monkeypox outbreak.
人们预计以前曾接种过基于牛痘的疫苗，因为直到 1980 年，天花疫苗接种在中国仍是标准程序。目前尚不清楚接种过天花疫苗的人是否仍然具有针对牛痘病毒 (VACV) 的抗体和针对猴痘病毒 (MPXV) 的交叉抗体。在此，我们评估了普通人群和 HIV-1 感染患者中 VACV-A33 和 MPXV-A35 抗原的结合抗体。首先，我们用 A33 蛋白检测 VACV 抗体，以评估天花疫苗接种的效果。结果表明，29%（79 名 42 岁及以上的医院工作人员）和 63%（60 名 42 岁及以上的 HIV 阳性患者）的广州第八人民医院工作人员能够与 A33 结合。然而，在 42 岁以下的人群中，1.5%（198 名医院志愿者样本中的 3 名）和 1%（104 名 HIV 患者样本中的 1 名）的样本对 A33 抗原呈阳性。然后，我们评估了针对 MPXV A35 蛋白的特异性交叉反应性抗体。24%（79 岁及以上的医院工作人员）和 44%（95 岁及以上的 HIV 阳性患者）的医院工作人员呈阳性。98%（198 名医院工作人员）和 99%（103 名 HIV 患者）的医院工作人员均未与 A35 结合抗体。此外，我们发现 HIV 人群中观察到针对 A35 抗原的反应存在显著的性别差异，但在医院工作人员中则没有性别差异。此外，我们分析了 42 岁及以上 HIV 患者中男男性行为者（MSM）和非 MSM 人群抗 A35 抗体的阳性率。我们发现，47%的非 MSM 人群和 40%的 MSM 人群对 A35 抗原呈阳性，无显著性差异。最后，我们发现所有参与者中仅有 59 份样本对 A33 IgG 和 A35 IgG 呈阳性。综上所述，我们在年龄大于 42 岁的 HIV 患者和普通人群中检测到 A33 和 A35 抗原结合抗体，而队列研究仅提供血清学检测数据，以支持对猴痘疫情的早期反应。
