Dell'Osso Liliana, Nardi Benedetta, Massoni Leonardo, Gravina Davide, Benedetti Francesca, Cremone Ivan Mirko, Carpita Barbara
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2024;31(23):3447-3472. doi: 10.2174/0929867330666230523155728.
Since the discovery of the first antiepileptic compound, increasing attention has been paid to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and recently, with the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying cells death, a new interest has revolved around a potential neuroprotective effect of AEDs. While many neurobiological studies in this field have focused on the protection of neurons, growing data are reporting how exposure to AEDs can also affect glial cells and the plastic response underlying recovery; however, demonstrating the neuroprotective abilities of AEDs remains a changeling task. The present work aims to summarize and review the literature available on the neuroprotective properties of the most commonly used AEDs. Results highlighted how further studies should investigate the link between AEDs and neuroprotective properties; while many studies are available on valproate, results for other AEDs are very limited and the majority of the research has been carried out on animal models. Moreover, a better understanding of the biological basis underlying neuro-regenerative defects may pave the way for the investigation of further therapeutic targets and eventually lead to an improvement in the actual treatment strategies.
自从发现第一种抗癫痫化合物以来，抗癫痫药物（AEDs）受到了越来越多的关注，最近，随着对细胞死亡分子机制的了解，人们对AEDs潜在的神经保护作用产生了新的兴趣。虽然该领域的许多神经生物学研究都集中在对神经元的保护上，但越来越多的数据表明，接触AEDs也会如何影响神经胶质细胞以及恢复过程中的可塑性反应；然而，证明AEDs的神经保护能力仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。本研究旨在总结和综述关于最常用AEDs神经保护特性的现有文献。结果强调，进一步的研究应调查AEDs与神经保护特性之间的联系；虽然有许多关于丙戊酸盐的研究，但其他AEDs的研究结果非常有限，而且大多数研究是在动物模型上进行的。此外，更好地理解神经再生缺陷的生物学基础可能为进一步治疗靶点的研究铺平道路，并最终改善实际的治疗策略。
