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“他们是男人,即使你穿上裤子或运动衫,他们也会看的”:墨西哥城运动环境中女运动员和教练的身体形象体验。

"They are men, they will be looking even if you put on pants or a sweatshirt": Girl athletes' and coaches' experiences of body image in Mexico City sport settings.

机构信息

Centre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom.

Centre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Body Image. 2023 Sep;46:73-83. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.05.002. Epub 2023 May 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.05.002
PMID:37244013
Abstract

Body image concerns are a barrier for girls' participation in sports. Scarce evidence from Mexico suggests adolescents experience high levels of body dissatisfaction, and national statistics report low levels of physical activity among girls. This study aimed to explore girls' body image concerns and coaches' perceptions of girls' body image experiences in sport. We used reflexive thematic analysis on secondary data from semi-structured focus groups conducted in Mexico City with 12 girls aged 11-17 years and six coaches from two sports organizations. Girls expressed feelings of self-consciousness about their performance, body-related teasing, the male gaze, and harassment within and outside sports contexts. Lack of support from coaches resulted in making excuses for withdrawing or supporting one another. Coaches' accounts demonstrate gender stereotypes about girls in sport. They acknowledge that girls abandon sport because of appearance-related teasing and body image concerns. In addition, colorism and discomfort with speaking directly about bodily functions are fundamental sociocultural influences affecting their communication. This is the first qualitative study exploring girls' body image concerns and coaches' perceptions of such concerns in Mexico City. Further research in lower- and middle-income countries is key in developing effective intervention programs to help girls benefit from sport.

摘要

身体意象问题是女孩参与体育运动的障碍。来自墨西哥的稀缺证据表明,青少年经历着高度的身体不满,而国家统计数据报告女孩的身体活动水平低。本研究旨在探讨女孩的身体意象问题以及教练对女孩在运动中身体意象体验的看法。我们对来自墨西哥城两个体育组织的 12 名 11-17 岁女孩和 6 名教练进行的半结构式焦点小组的二次数据进行了反思性主题分析。女孩们表达了对自己表现的自我意识、与身体相关的嘲笑、男性凝视以及运动内外的骚扰的感受。教练缺乏支持导致找借口退出或相互支持。教练的描述表明了运动中对女孩的性别刻板印象。他们承认,由于与外表相关的嘲笑和对身体形象的担忧,女孩会放弃运动。此外,肤色主义和对直接谈论身体功能的不适是影响他们沟通的基本社会文化影响因素。这是在墨西哥城首次探索女孩身体意象问题以及教练对这些问题的看法的定性研究。在中低收入国家开展进一步研究对于制定有效的干预计划以帮助女孩从运动中受益至关重要。

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