Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Italian Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy.
Microcirculation. 2023 Aug;30(5-6):e12818. doi: 10.1111/micc.12818. Epub 2023 May 29.
Cardiovascular events show morning preference and sex differences, and are related to aging and type 2 diabetes. We assessed circadian variations and sex differences in vascular conductance (VC) and blood flow (BF) regulations following a brief bout of forearm ischemia.
Young healthy individuals (H18-30) and elderly without (H50-80) and with type 2 diabetes (T2DM50-80) of both sexes were included. Forearm VC and BF, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at baseline and following circulatory reperfusion were measured at 6 a.m. and 9 p.m.
In the morning compared to evening, following reperfusion, the VC and BF increments were similar in H18-30 (p>.71), but lower in H50-80 (p<.001) and T2DM50-80 (p<.01). VC and BF following circulatory reperfusion were higher in men than women in H18-30 (p<.001), but similar between sexes in the older groups (p>.23).
Forearm vasodilation following reperfusion is attenuated in the morning in the elderly, impairing BF towards an ischemic area. Diabetes does not affect the circadian regulation of VC and BF, but that of MAP. There are sex differences in VC and BF at baseline and after circulatory reperfusion at a young age, being greater in men, which disappear with aging without being affected by diabetes.
心血管事件存在晨峰现象和性别差异，与衰老和 2 型糖尿病有关。我们评估了短暂性前臂缺血后血管传导（VC）和血流（BF）调节的昼夜节律变化和性别差异。
纳入了年轻健康个体（H18-30）和无（H50-80）和有 2 型糖尿病（T2DM50-80）的老年个体（H50-80），无论性别。在上午 6 点和晚上 9 点测量基线和循环再灌注后前臂 VC 和 BF 以及平均动脉压（MAP）。
与晚上相比，在再灌注后，H18-30 中的 VC 和 BF 增加相似（p>.71），但 H50-80 （p<.001）和 T2DM50-80 （p<.01）中较低。在 H18-30 中，男性的 VC 和 BF 高于女性（p<.001），但在老年组中，性别之间没有差异（p>.23）。
再灌注后前臂血管舒张在老年人中呈晨峰减弱，导致向缺血区域的 BF 受损。糖尿病不会影响 VC 和 BF 的昼夜节律调节，但会影响 MAP。在年轻个体中，基线和循环再灌注后 VC 和 BF 存在性别差异，男性更大，随着年龄的增长这些差异消失，不受糖尿病影响。
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