Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Center of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Dermatology,Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
J Infect Public Health. 2023 Aug;16(8):1158-1166. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.05.014. Epub 2023 May 16.
Respiratory viral diseases have posed a persistent threat to public health due to their high transmissibility. Influenza virus and SARS-Cov-2 are both respiratory viruses that have caused global pandemics. A zero-COVID-19 strategy is a public health policy imposed to stop community transmission of COVID-19 as soon as it is detected. In this study, we aim to examine the epidemiological characteristics of seasonal influenza in the past five years before and after the emergence of COVID-19 in China and observe the possible impact of the strategy on influenza.
Data from two data sources were retrospectively analyzed. A comparison on influenza incidence rate between Hubei and Zhejiang provinces was conducted based on data from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Then a descriptive and comparative analysis on seasonal influenza based on data from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Hangzhou Ninth People`s Hospital before and after the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 was conducted.
From 2010-2017, both provinces experienced relatively low influenza activity until the 1st week of 2018, when they reached peak incidence rates of 78.16/100000PY, 34.05/100000PY respectively. Since then, influenza showed an obvious seasonality in Hubei and Zhejiang until the onset of COVID-19. During 2020 and 2021, there was a dramatic decline in influenza activity compared to 2018 and 2019. However, influenza activity seemed to rebound at the beginning of 2022 and surged in summer, with positive rates of 20.52% and 31.53% in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Hangzhou Ninth People`s Hospital respectively as of the time writing this article.
Our results reinforce the hypothesis that zero-COVID-19 strategy may impact the epidemiological pattern of influenza. Under the complex pandemic situation, implementation of NPIs could be a beneficial strategy containing not only COVID-19 but also influenza.
呼吸道病毒具有高传染性，一直对公众健康构成持续威胁。流感病毒和 SARS-CoV-2 都是引起全球大流行的呼吸道病毒。零新冠病毒（COVID-19）策略是一种公共卫生政策，旨在一旦发现 COVID-19 社区传播，就立即停止。本研究旨在研究中国 COVID-19 出现前后过去五年季节性流感的流行病学特征，并观察该策略对流感的可能影响。
回顾性分析了两个数据源的数据。根据中国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）的数据，对湖北省和浙江省的流感发病率进行了比较。然后，根据武汉大学中南医院和杭州市第九人民医院在 SARS-CoV-2 爆发前后的数据，对季节性流感进行了描述性和对比分析。
2010-2017 年，两省的流感活动相对较低，直到 2018 年第 1 周，两省的发病率分别达到 78.16/100000PY 和 34.05/100000PY 的峰值。此后，流感在湖北和浙江呈明显季节性，直到 COVID-19 爆发。2020 年和 2021 年，流感活动与 2018 年和 2019 年相比明显下降。然而，流感活动似乎在 2022 年初反弹，并在夏季激增，截至本文撰写时，武汉大学中南医院和杭州市第九人民医院的阳性率分别为 20.52%和 31.53%。
我们的结果支持了零 COVID-19 策略可能影响流感流行病学模式的假设。在复杂的大流行形势下，实施非药物干预措施可能是一种有益的策略，不仅可以控制 COVID-19，还可以控制流感。
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