提供和接受社会支持对老年人幸福感的影响。
The Influence of Providing and Receiving Social Support on Older Adults' Well-being.
作者信息
Zanjari Nasibeh, Momtaz Yadollah Abolfathi, Kamal Seyed Hossein Mohaqeqi, Basakha Mehdi, Ahmadi Sina
机构信息
Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
出版信息
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2022 Feb 3;18:e174501792112241. doi: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2112241. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Social support is a leading contributing factor for older adults' well-being. The present study aimed to compare the impact of two-way (providing and receiving) social support on the well-being of Iranian older adults.
METHODS
The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 1280 community-dwelling older adults in Tehran, Iran, 2020. The researcher used the clustered sampling method and the 2-way Social Support Scale (SSS) to collect samples and measure social support, respectively. The well-being was measured by the self-reported World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Bivariate and hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to compare the effects of social support aspects on well-being. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. A significance level of p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The mean age of the respondents was 70.90 (SD=8.07), and about 70% of the sample was married. The mean scores of taking and providing social support were 20.70 ±7.52 and 17.71 ±7.82, respectively. The hierarchical regression analysis revealed that providing social support is significantly associated with the well-being of older adults beyond and over receiving social support and possible contributing factors (∆F=30.25; ∆R2= 0.39, p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The results showed that providing social support is more important than receiving it. Older adults should participate in social activities to provide social support.
引言
社会支持是影响老年人幸福感的一个主要因素。本研究旨在比较双向（给予和接受）社会支持对伊朗老年人幸福感的影响。
方法
本横断面研究于2020年在伊朗德黑兰的1280名社区居住老年人中进行。研究人员分别采用整群抽样法和双向社会支持量表（SSS）来收集样本和测量社会支持。幸福感通过自我报告的世界卫生组织五福指数（WHO-5）进行测量。进行双变量和分层线性回归分析以比较社会支持各方面对幸福感的影响。使用SPSS 20.0对数据进行分析。p≤0.05的显著性水平被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
受访者的平均年龄为70.90岁（标准差=8.07），约70%的样本已婚。接受和给予社会支持的平均得分分别为20.70±7.52和17.71±7.82。分层回归分析显示，给予社会支持与老年人的幸福感显著相关，其影响超过接受社会支持及其他可能的影响因素（∆F=30.25；∆R2=0.39，p<0.05）。
结论
结果表明，给予社会支持比接受社会支持更重要。老年人应参与社会活动以提供社会支持。
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