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医生在在线传记中披露宗教信仰:美国患者的认知与决策

Physicians Disclosing Religion in Online Biographies: Patient Perceptions and Decision-Making in the United States.

作者信息

Perrault Evan K, McPhail Brian L

机构信息

Purdue University - Brian Lamb School of Communication, 100 N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.

Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.

出版信息

J Relig Health. 2023 Aug;62(4):2452-2473. doi: 10.1007/s10943-023-01836-1. Epub 2023 Jun 6.

Abstract

The inclusion of personal information about a healthcare provider is becoming more prevalent within online biographies as a means to help patients make more informed decisions about their future care. While many physicians indicate they are religious, and that spiritual well-being is an important part of one's overall health, what is unclear is what impact this sort of disclosure within an online biography might have on a prospective patient's perceptions of that provider. The current study took the form of a 2 (gender of provider: man; woman) × 2 (religion disclosure: yes; no) × 2 (activity: singing in choir; playing on softball team) between-subjects experiment. Participants (n = 551) in the USA were randomly assigned to view one of the eight biography conditions and then asked to rate their perceptions of the physician, and whether they would choose to make a future appointment with that physician. While there were no differences in perceptions (e.g., liking, trustworthiness), more participants who viewed a biography with a religion disclosure indicated an unwillingness to make a future appointment with that physician. A moderated mediation analysis revealed that this effect is only significant for participants with low levels of religiosity and is explained by these participants feeling less similar to an explicitly religious physician. Open-ended responses justifying their decisions found that religion disclosure played a much larger role in not choosing the physician (20% of responses) than for choosing the physician (3% of responses). However, participants wanting a physician of a different gender was the most cited reason for not wanting to select the provider (27.5% of responses). Recommendations for physicians contemplating adding an item about religion within their online biographies are discussed.

摘要

在在线传记中纳入医疗服务提供者的个人信息正变得越来越普遍,以此帮助患者在未来医疗护理方面做出更明智的决策。虽然许多医生表示他们有宗教信仰,且精神健康是个人整体健康的重要组成部分,但尚不清楚在线传记中的此类披露会对潜在患者对该医疗服务提供者的看法产生何种影响。当前的研究采用了一项2(医疗服务提供者性别:男性;女性)×2(宗教信仰披露:是;否)×2(活动:在唱诗班唱歌;在垒球队打球)的组间实验形式。美国的参与者(n = 551)被随机分配去查看八种传记情况中的一种,然后被要求对他们对医生的看法进行评分,以及他们是否会选择在未来预约这位医生。虽然在看法(如喜欢程度、可信度)上没有差异,但更多查看了包含宗教信仰披露的传记的参与者表示不愿意在未来预约这位医生。一项调节中介分析表明,这种影响仅对宗教虔诚度较低的参与者显著,原因是这些参与者觉得与明确有宗教信仰的医生不太相似。为自己的决定提供理由的开放式回答发现,宗教信仰披露在不选择该医生(20%的回答)方面所起的作用比在选择该医生(3%的回答)方面大得多。然而,希望医生是不同性别的参与者是最常被提及的不选择该医疗服务提供者的原因(27.5%的回答)。文中还讨论了对考虑在其在线传记中添加宗教相关内容的医生的建议。

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