全国 DADA2 队列的临床症状、实验室参数和长期随访。
Clinical Symptoms, Laboratory Parameters and Long-Term Follow-up in a National DADA2 Cohort.
机构信息
Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85050, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
出版信息
J Clin Immunol. 2023 Oct;43(7):1581-1596. doi: 10.1007/s10875-023-01521-8. Epub 2023 Jun 5.
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase-2 (DADA2) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease with an extremely variable disease presentation. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the Dutch DADA2 cohort. We performed a retrospective cohort study in 29 ADA2-deficient patients from 23 families with a median age at inclusion of 26 years. All patients had biallelic pathogenic variants in the ADA2 gene. The most common clinical findings included cutaneous involvement (79.3%), (hepato)splenomegaly (70.8%) and recurrent infections (58.6%). Stroke was observed in 41.4% of the patients. The main laboratory abnormalities were hypogammaglobulinemia and various cytopenias. Patients presented most often with a mixed phenotype involving vasculopathy, immunodeficiency and hematologic manifestations (62.1%). In this cohort, malignancies were reported in eight patients (27.6%), of whom five presented with a hematologic malignancy and two with a basal cell carcinoma. Four patients developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) or an HLH-like episode, of whom three passed away during or shortly after the occurrence of HLH. TNF-inhibitors (TNFi) were effective in treating vasculopathy-associated symptoms and preventing stroke, but were hardly effective in the treatment of hematologic manifestations. Three patients underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation and two of them are doing well with complete resolution of DADA2-related symptoms. The overall mortality in this cohort was 17.2%. In conclusion, this cohort describes the clinical, genetic and laboratory findings of 29 Dutch DADA2 patients. We describe the occurrence of HLH as a life-threatening disease complication and report a relatively high incidence of malignancies and mortality.
腺苷脱氨酶-2(ADA2)缺乏症是一种常染色体隐性自身炎症性疾病,其临床表现极具异质性。本文全面概述了荷兰 ADA2 队列。我们对 23 个家系的 29 名 ADA2 缺乏症患者进行了回顾性队列研究,纳入时的中位年龄为 26 岁。所有患者均存在 ADA2 基因的双等位致病性变异。最常见的临床发现包括皮肤受累(79.3%)、(肝)脾肿大(70.8%)和反复感染(58.6%)。41.4%的患者发生了卒中。主要的实验室异常包括低丙种球蛋白血症和各种血细胞减少。患者最常表现为血管病变、免疫缺陷和血液学表现混合的混合表型(62.1%)。在该队列中,8 名患者(27.6%)报告了恶性肿瘤,其中 5 名患者患有血液系统恶性肿瘤,2 名患者患有基底细胞癌。4 名患者发生噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症(HLH)或 HLH 样发作,其中 3 名在发生 HLH 期间或之后不久死亡。肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂(TNFi)在治疗血管病变相关症状和预防卒中方面有效,但对血液学表现的治疗效果较差。3 名患者接受了造血细胞移植,其中 2 名患者的 ADA2 相关症状完全缓解,情况良好。该队列的总死亡率为 17.2%。总之,本队列描述了 29 名荷兰 ADA2 患者的临床、遗传和实验室发现。我们描述了 HLH 的发生作为一种危及生命的疾病并发症,并报告了相对较高的恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率。