基于理论的教育干预对装配线女工工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病预防行为的有效性：一项随机对照试验研究方案。

Effectiveness of a theory-based educational intervention on work-related musculoskeletal disorders preventive behaviors among assembly-line female workers: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

机构信息

Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Trials. 2023 Jun 5;24(1):377. doi: 10.1186/s13063-023-07391-0.

DOI:10.1186/s13063-023-07391-0

PMID:37277774

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10242792/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The use of preventive behaviors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) requires proper training, which leads to correct decisions regarding maintaining postures at work and performing stretching exercises. Due to very repetitive work, applying manual force, improper postures, and static contractions of proximal muscles, assembly-line female workers suffer from musculoskeletal pains. It is assumed that structured and theory-based educational intervention using a learning-by-doing (LBD) approach may increase the preventive behaviors against MSDs and reduce the consequences of these disorders.

METHODS

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in three phases: phase 1: validation of the compiled questionnaire, phase 2: determining the social cognitive theory (SCT) constructs that predict the preventive behaviors of MSDs in assembly-line female workers, and phase 3: designing and implementing the educational theory. The educational intervention is based on the LBD approach, and the study population includes assembly-line female workers in electronic industries of Iran, who are randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the educational intervention in the workplace and the control group does not receive any intervention. The theory-based educational intervention includes evidence-based information along with pictures, fact sheets, and published literature about a good posture at work and the need to perform proper stretching exercises. The educational intervention aims to improve the knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, and intention of assembly-line female workers to adopt preventive behaviors of MSDs.

DISCUSSION

The present study will evaluate the effects of maintaining a good posture at work and performing stretching exercises on the adherence to preventive behaviors of MSDs among assembly-line female workers. The developed intervention is easily implemented and evaluated in a short period of time based on the improved score of the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) method and the mean score of adherence to stretching exercises and can be provided by a health, safety, and environment (HSE) expert.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov IRCT20220825055792N1. Registered on 23 September 2022 with the IRCTID.

摘要

背景

预防肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）的行为需要适当的培训，这有助于在工作中保持正确的姿势和进行伸展运动。由于工作重复性高、需要手动用力、姿势不当以及近端肌肉静态收缩，装配线女工经常会出现肌肉骨骼疼痛。因此，我们假设采用学习实践（LBD）方法的结构化和基于理论的教育干预可能会增加预防 MSD 的行为，并减少这些疾病的后果。

方法

这是一项随机对照试验（RCT），将分为三个阶段进行：第 1 阶段：验证编制的问卷；第 2 阶段：确定预测装配线女工 MSD 预防行为的社会认知理论（SCT）结构；第 3 阶段：设计和实施教育理论。教育干预基于 LBD 方法，研究对象包括伊朗电子行业的装配线女工，她们将被随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组在工作场所接受教育干预，对照组则不接受任何干预。基于理论的教育干预包括与良好工作姿势和适当伸展运动相关的循证信息、图片、情况说明书和已发表文献。教育干预旨在提高装配线女工采用 MSD 预防行为的知识、技能、自我效能感和意愿。